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A discarded needle in Dublin city centre. TheJournal.ie

Drug-related deaths: 62% increase in fatalities over ten-year period

Alcohol remains the single most common drug implicated in deaths between 2004 and 2014.

THE LATEST FIGURES on drug-related deaths, released today, show that almost two people die each day as a result of poisoning, trauma or medical causes linked to drug use.

The latest figures from the Health Research Board (HRB) cover 2014.

A total of 697 people died that year, compared to 431 in 2004 – representing an increase of 62%.

According to the HRB:

  • Prescription drugs were implicated in 259, or three in every four, poisonings during 2014.
  • 235 people died in 2014 because they took a mixture of drugs, with an average of four drugs involved. Benzodiazepines were the most common drug group involved in polydrug deaths.
  • Alcohol is still implicated in one in three deaths and remains the single most common drug implicated in deaths between 2004 and 2014.
  • Hanging was the main cause of non-poisoning deaths. There was a 21% increase in deaths due to hanging between 2013 and 2014.

The Health Research Board reports on poisoning deaths (also known as overdoses) which are due to the toxic effect of a drug, or combination of drugs, and on non-poisonings which are deaths among people who use drugs as a result of trauma, such as hanging, or medical reasons, such as cardiac events.

Many of the deaths recorded in 2014 were premature – half of all deaths covered in the report were of people aged 39 years or younger. Three in four of the deaths were male.

“It is not just illicit drugs that are resulting in death,” Dr Graham Love, Chief Executive of the HRB said.

“Over time we are seeing a rise in the number of deaths involving prescription drugs and cocktails of different drugs. Alcohol is also implicated in one in three deaths. Mixing drugs increases the risk of death, which is clearly reflected in these figures.”

hrb2 Health Research Board Health Research Board

Polydrug use

44% or 118 deaths of the deaths covered in the HRB report covering 2004 were due to a cocktail of drugs – with an average of two drugs taken.

In 2014, this had risen to 66% or 235 deaths – with an average of four different drugs taken.

59% of deaths where alcohol was implicated involved other drugs, mainly opiates. Almost all deaths (98%) where cocaine was implicated involved other drugs.

hrb1 Health Research Board Health Research Board

Merchants Quay Ireland, which works with drug users and people who are homeless, said the figures were not a surprise – as Ireland has consistently experienced five to six hundred drug deaths each year recently.

“All around the country, there are families wrought with anxiety not knowing whether their loved ones who have developed serious drug problems will live to see another day.

Since 2004, the HRB have recorded 6,697 drug related deaths – behind each of these tragic deaths there are partners, friends & mothers left to mourn their loved ones, this grief leaves a lifelong emotional scar on families and communities in towns and villages all around Ireland.

Ena Lynn, lead-researcher from the Health Research Board, said:

“We should not lose sight of the fact that each of these statistics is a life cut short, and that family members are deeply affected. These statistics give us some insight into the impact that drug use has on people and society.”

Read: Houses evacuated overnight after bomb found in Limerick >

Read: Review says gardaí should face pension losses if they go on strike >

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29 Comments
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    Mute Totalitarian
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:06 AM

    Eh no headlines about the sharp increase in hangings? ?? No headlines about the government’s sweeping the suicide epidemic under the carpet until it’s too late. F@#k this country is being run into the ground by power hungry coperate arse lickers who don’t give two shoots about its people

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    Mute Ciarán Masterson
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:29 AM

    @Totalitarian:

    The suicide “epidemic” is simply a series of individual tragedies that have various causes.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:40 AM

    @Ciarán Masterson: I’d say drive to desperation and overwhelming pain by the absolute clusterfick that our Elites have lately made of the country might be a common cause for many of those poor tragic people.

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    Mute Eye_c_u
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    Dec 13th 2016, 9:29 AM

    Sorry what? Please provide so results from say the last 10 years. I think you will see the line will remain static. Go on prove me wrong

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    Mute Totalitarian
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:31 PM

    @ ciaran masterson I suppose it’s not a epidemic at all then ? Austerity had nothing to do with it ? Toxic banks, ……. repocessions etc has nothing to do with it ? Did you know if someone takes their life in this country and doesn’t leave a not its not included in the suicide statistics ? It’s missing adventure or something stupid like that to massage the figures it’s a disgrace what’s going on at government level in relation to mental health and for all accounts it’s an epidemic in many people’s eyes

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 2:11 PM

    A guard I know very well told me a couple years ago that most single vehicle accidents involving young men were in fact suicides, and the charred and/ or bloody note found in the car was disposed of discreetly to spare the family further pain. Now from what you say could there be a clandestine policy to massage the suicide figs downwards thereby?

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    Mute Stilphil Brady
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:21 AM

    Men’s health needs to be taken seriously

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    Mute Paula Doran
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    Dec 13th 2016, 3:17 AM

    @ Stilphil Brady. That was the part of that report that shocked me the most. That 3 in 4 were men. So many young men dying by suicide at the moment.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:30 AM

    The two most lethal drugs of abuse of all: alcohol and tobacco, are legal and provide an enormous source of revenue to governments. They kill millions between them each year, while yielding vast revenues to government and State. Other, illegal drugs, have never been shown to kill anyone, albeit there was one guy allegedly in Mexico was killed by cannabis. 500lb bale of it fell on his head. They do, however, by virtue of their popularity and their illegality, provide the reason for vast budgets to be allocated to enforcement agencies and legal figures, courts, and privatised prisons.

    But the preceding shows that we will never be able to prevent people from killing themselves with drugs, legal or no. There’s just too much money for the powers that be in maintaining the status quo.

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    Mute Nick Allen
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:36 AM

    @John O’Driscoll:

    You lost all credibility when you said “Other, illegal drugs, have never been shown to kill anyone”

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:48 AM

    @Nick Allen: I’m afraid you lost all credibility when you read my sentence wrong, either deliberately or otherwise. Although perhaps I should give the benefit of the doubt and admit I missed out on a comma, which should have said ”Other, illegal, drugs, etc.” And then I specifically referred to the one I meant by name. But hey, thanks for taking the time to write.

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    Mute Malachi
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:53 AM

    @John O’Driscoll: The idea that an illegal drug must be directly responsible for x amount of deaths to justify its illegality makes little sense. I personally agree with the legalisation of cannabis for recreational use, however, drug legislation should never be based on death tolls.

    There are plenty of drugs that will do vast amounts of harm to you (psychologically, physically, etc.) without significant risk of death. Just because you can’t overdose on a drug right there and then and die from it doesn’t mean it’s safe.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:05 AM

    @Malachi: If harm reduction rather than death reduction were to be the sole justification Malachi we’d see a lot of so-called ‘ethical’ drugs being outlawed, first and foremost ”mother’s little helper”, the benzodiazapienes, which can kill you simply by stopping taking them if you’ve been taking them long enough and in sufficient dose. As Paracelsus (father of anaesthesia inter alia) observed (my French ain’t good enough for the original)(but hell I’ll try it) ”Tous est poison, rien n’est pas poison, la poison est la dose.” Everything is poison. There is nothing that is not poison. The poison is the dose.

    ‘An it harm not another do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law’ suits my pov. I’d be up for making cannabis derived products legal, for people in medical need of them.. University of Madrid has lately proven it kills cancer as well as some advanced chemos, and a lot less harmfully also, by locking on to receptor sites on aberrant cells and triggering cell death, apoptosis. Without harming neighbouring healthy cells, unlike chemo. Would you ban the latter based on its clear and present lack of safety?

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    Mute Malachi
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:19 AM

    @John O’Driscoll: “the benzodiazapienes, which can kill you simply by stopping taking them if you’ve been taking them long enough and in sufficient dose”

    Why would we outlaw a drug used heavily as an anticonvulsant in hospital settings? If used correctly, benzodiazapienes are a vital drug class. Not really unethical to have them legally administered or prescribed to people with epilepsy. Seizures can kill you too, so I don’t see why you’re advocating banning an effective treatment for them. It’s a risk-reward medicine, like most. The benefit outweighs the risk of side-effects for most who continuously suffer seizures.

    “I’d be up for making cannabis derived products legal, for people in medical need of them.”

    Agreed. Thankfully this is on the horizon.

    “University of Madrid has lately proven it kills cancer as well as some advanced chemos”

    Citation, please. I highly doubt cannabis kills cancer cells as well as chemo, but I’ll be willing to stand corrected with a peer-reviewed academic paper demonstrating otherwise. As for locking onto “receptor sites” on aberrant cells – I presume you mean cancerous cells? Cancerous cells do not grow receptor sites that normal cells do not have – thus targeting them is very difficult. What type of cancer are you talking about?

    “Would you ban the latter [chemo] based on its clear and present lack of safety?”

    Chemotherapy is a risky but effective treatment and has given many people many more years of life. It is not intended to be safe – if you let the cancerous cells proliferate 9/10 times you will die anyway, so chemotherapy is safer than the alternative. It is intended to obliterate the cancer, by any means necessary. Why would you ban that?

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    Mute Nick Allen
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:22 AM

    @John O’Driscoll:

    I can’t see how I read your sentence incorrectly. Basically, you are saying that illegal drugs have not caused any deaths.

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    Mute Ciarán Masterson
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:27 AM

    @John O’Driscoll:

    It’s nothing to do with privatised prisons.

    Possession of cannabis, cocaine and heroin was illegal long before prison privatisation began. Those drugs are generally much more addictive and harmful than alcohol. More crimes are committed by people who are addicted illegal drugs than people who drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes.

    Alcohol and cigarettes don’t cause hallucinations. People who have a few pints don’t cause harm to others as long as they don’t drive or get involved in violence. People who smoke cigarettes don’t cause harm to others as long as they don’t smoke in the presence of people who don’t smoke at all.

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    Mute Nick Allen
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:36 AM

    @Ciarán Masterson:

    I agree Ciaran, also, the addictive impact of some illegal drugs is completely different to alcohol & tobacco. Cold turkey from cigs or beer is very different to cold turkey from heroin or crack and as such the actions of the addict are poles apart

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:50 AM

    @Ciarán Masterson: dear oh dearie me did I suggest that Anslinger and Hearst and their bogus racism-fuelled campaign known to the cognoscenti as ”Reefer Madness” was contemporaneous with privatising prisons? No, that latter phenomenon, whereby private unsworn entities mete out ‘justice’ as agents of the state (akin to Blackwater mercs in I-rack) is more recent, perhaps, in at least its explicit reality, though chain-gangs were always used for the profit of the county sheriff who hired them out as slave labour well before even the corrupt newspaper and wood-pulp baron and his self-serving accomplice whose vast budgets had been threatened by the repeal of the Volstead Acts really got going. Educate yourself sir. Cannabis in the 19th century was virtually omnipresent as an ingredient in medicaments. MDMDA was origjnally supplied as an aid to marriage troubles by doctors. Laudanum was the go-to pharmacological solution to the troubles of those who in the Sixties turned to ‘mother’s little helper’, valium, and let us not speak of opium, in respect of which the British made war on China so as to force their populations to avail of the poison.
    I do not deny for one minute that all drugs, in fact, all substances, even water, are harmful, and often lethal, when taken in unsuitable quantities. And in the case of some, like heroin, that might be one micro-gramme for the susceptible. ”Alcohol…does not cause hallucinations”??? Tell that to an end-stage alcoholic dying in fear of the rats that he sees though they be only in his imagination. Sure ”People who have a few snorts of cocaine” don’t cause harm to others as long as they don’t drive or get involved in violence. And that itself was once so respectable that Queen Victoria’s Royal Warrant appeared on bottles of elixir containing it; and Sherlock Holmes fictionally used it to sharpen his mind considering cases before it, though Watson knew of and warned of its dangers to his friend.
    You are seriously justifying alcohol and cigarettes to me while decrying other drugs on the basis that the former do no harm provided provided provided? Man, have you ever heard that when a violent person has a few pints or shorts they go home and attack the spouse, but should they instead have a few spliffs, they’ll go home and attack the fridge? For I’m afraid that is the level your argument forces me to take. Good night now I’m for me Complan got work in the morning.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 2:44 AM

    To which I explicitly refer, in the next statement following that one; to my knowledge at least, Nick. You are being obdurate if not obtuse, quite evidently so it seems. Debate the substantive points made.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 2:49 AM

    On the basis of your previously stated sole criterion for banning I would suggest you’d ban the more harmful ethical drugs. I didn’t suggest I’d ban them.

    You may Google yourself the University of Madrid molecular biology depts research on the efficacy of THC in killing cancer. I’ve lost my father and a friend to it both in the past twelve months, hence my interest on the subject.

    Cancer cells are aberrant cells. They do not die and contain mutations that otherwise make them useless to the organism and impinge upon useful cells. That is what I said. Can I ask that those who engage in argument stick to the substantive points? Saves time. Thank you.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 2:56 AM

    Giving up heroin through cold turkey has been likened to a fortnight of the flu Nick Allen. By contrast giving up cigarettes whenever I’ve done it turns me into a screaming ab-dab. Nicotine is one of the most viciously addictive drugs there is. Its deadliness as a poison testified to by the fact that the assassins in the court of Louis Quatorze used coat their dagger blades with it, so that a single Nick would result in the victim dying from respiratory failure in minutes if not seconds. We don’t die when we smoke tobacco (at least, not for a longish time) because the way it’s ingested via our cheek cells, the nicotine, is metabolised rapidly. Though when we start smoking we may get th sensation of passing out, which is our bodies succumbing in part to the unused toxin. Cannabis, unlike tobacco, is not physically addictive, but may be mildly so, psychologically. Certainly reports I’ve read – as we’re all so find of making unattributed assertions tonight – might indicate a few days irritation. Maybe if they don’t actually pose the risk of killing you in the process, as Valium does, withdrawal from any drug bar the likes of that is all relatively inconvenient, annoying, rather than agonising. Others may wish to testify.

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    Mute John O'Driscoll
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    Dec 13th 2016, 3:05 AM

    Oh one last, Malachi, thanks for making my point, indeed, banning anything that might offer surcease to end stage sufferers of a disease on the grounds of its perceived lack of “safety” is ludicrous indeed. Provided it does not increase their distress and discomfort. I’ve seen what morphine does to end stage patients. I’ve seen what cannabis does. I’ve seen a friend of mine, a scientist, prefer the latter, together with paracetamol, to the former, because it meant he was in possession of his faculties right up to perhaps an hour before he passed, and moreover did not suffer the hideous constipation and organ degradation, hallucinations and fear induced by morphine. He reckoned the max 10% loss of pain relief he experienced was a price worth paying. Goodnight again to all.

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    Mute Malachi
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    Dec 13th 2016, 4:53 AM

    @John O’Driscoll: “On the basis of your previously stated sole criterion for banning”

    I didn’t give any such criterion for banning drugs. Read my previous comment. I simply stated that the fact that a drug is unlikely to kill you does not make it safe and that the law should take that into account.

    “You may Google yourself the University of Madrid molecular biology depts research on the efficacy of THC in killing cancer.”

    I just did. This research involved literally sticking catheters into the heads of the test subjects and infusing THC into their brains. It also only involved nine test subjects, the average survival rate of the subjects was 24 weeks. Two of the subjects survived for a year. Hardly earth shattering stuff, and incredibly invasive. This is nothing like smoking joints at all, and it’s not even proven to work – the evidence is weak to say the least.

    “Cancer cells are aberrant cells. They do not die and contain mutations that otherwise make them useless to the organism and impinge upon useful cells.”

    You seemed to imply that there were receptors on the ‘aberrant’ cells that were not on normal cells – and that the cannabis treatment involved targeting these receptors through the active ingredient in cannabis, delta9-THC, in order to trigger programmed cell death. Is that not what you were saying?

    “He reckoned the max 10% loss of pain relief he experienced was a price worth paying.”

    I respect his choice.

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    Mute Nick Allen
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    Dec 13th 2016, 8:04 AM

    John

    The substantive point is that you said that no illegal drugs have caused death, regardless of where you positioned the comma. This is simply incorrect. If you don’t mean this and simply got your written English incorrect then fine but don’t try and waffle your way our if it

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    Mute Nick Allen
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:27 AM

    Any chance you could do a little sanity checking on the data before you publish?

    431 people died in 2004
    4% or 118 deaths of the deaths covered in the HRB report covering 2004 were due to a cocktail of drugs…that would mean 2950 died in 2004, you already stated it was 431
    In 2014, this had risen to 66% or 235 deaths…A total of 697 people died that year (2014)…66% would represent 461 people.

    Many of the deaths recorded in 2014 were premature…I would be fascinated to understand how the other drug related deaths were not premature.

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    Mute Mr D
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    Dec 13th 2016, 1:21 AM

    Only barrys tea for me

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    Mute marty
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    Dec 13th 2016, 8:08 AM

    Any number on the amount of people dying as a direct result of alcohol?

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    Mute Paula Doran
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    Dec 13th 2016, 3:15 AM

    Who the hell decided that after the age of 39 is not a premature death? So you might as well be dead after that?

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    Mute Luke Adam Cassidy
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    Dec 13th 2016, 12:29 PM

    It’s about time drug policies changed legalisation and legislation have to come into play, this figure is only going to increase unless there is a change or an adoption of the Portuguese model

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