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Explainer: Indicative votes ahead as MPs 'take back control' - but will it make a difference to Brexit?

Theresa May wanted a meaningful vote this week, but instead has a series of indicative votes instead.

LAST NIGHT, MPs in the House of Commons voted to give themselves greater control of the Brexit process, as it enters its potential endgame.

A week may be a long time in politics, but a week in Brexit is something else entirely as the vote last night by MPs comes after weeks and months of political wrangling and upheaval.

So, what happened last night? Will it make a difference? Is a deal or a no-deal now more or less likely?

The Letwin amendment

What MPs were voting on last night was dubbed the Letwin Amendment, proposed by Conservative former minister Sir Oliver Letwin.

His amendment proposed that MPs take control of business in the House of Commons on Wednesday away from Prime Minister Theresa May’s government. This would allow MPs to vote on what type of Brexit it wants, through a series of indicative votes.

By 329 votes to 302, MPs voted in favour of the Letwin Amendment. Conservatives were whipped to vote in favour of the government, but the prime minister had 29 rebels within her party voting against the whip. 

MPs voted to set their own agenda for the House of Commons rather than follow May’s. This is a significant step that had not won enough backing in recent months.

But what are indicative votes?

BBC Newsnight / YouTube

So, indicative votes are when MPs aren’t just given one option to vote on – they’re given many of them.

For Theresa May’s meaningful votes on her Brexit withdrawal agreement, MPs were given the option of either accepting or rejecting the prime minister’s deal.

In the case of indicative votes on Brexit, it’ll mean that MPs can vote on whether they want Theresa May’s deal, a no-deal Brexit, a second referendum, a customs’ union etc.

However, this of course also opens the possibility that there is no majority of MPs for any one option. And, furthermore, two opposed stances – such as no-deal and a second referendum – could theoretically have a majority voting in favour of them (although this is of course unlikely). 

The order in which these options are voted on will make a difference to how MPs sway. 

If a no-deal is first on the table and MPs rule it out, the rest of the options put to them will be some sort of deal – but is there a majority for any one of them?

Similarly, if everything else is ruled out and a no-deal is the last vote – what then?

Prime Minister May said herself that she was sceptical of an indicative votes strategy as it could lead to “contradictory outcomes or no outcome at all”.

Will this make a difference?

That’s where the narrative of MPs “taking back control” of the Brexit process runs into problems.

Indicative votes from MPs in the House of Commons are not binding on the UK government. 

If, for example, an indicative vote on a second referendum was passed by a majority of MPs, Theresa May is not obliged to hold one.

She is free to ignore an indicative vote if she chooses to do so.

However, with May under such severe pressure from inside her party, from the opposition and from Europe, it will take an extraordinary feat of political maneuvering to ignore the will of parliament after she specifically blamed MPs last week for not being able to decide anything.

With the Brexit impasse dominating for so long, if British MPs finally agreed on some way – any way – forward, the political pressure on Theresa May to follow this will be intense.

Even with that, then there’s Europe.

Following years of negotiations, the EU agreed a withdrawal agreement with the UK. The House of Commons has rejected it twice and the EU said it is not willing to reopen this agreement. 

If there is to be a radical change in how Britain says it will leave the EU – as long as it still wants to leave with some sort of deal – then a long delay to Brexit could be likely.

What about Theresa May’s deal?

May continues to cling to power amidst increasing pressure on her leadership, with the hope that she can still somehow get her withdrawal agreement through parliament.

She had originally hoped to hold a third meaningful vote on her deal this week, but told the House of Commons yesterday she currently doesn’t have enough support to pass through parliament.

Meanwhile, the DUP continues to remain a roadblock in May’s plans. 

Hardline Brexiteers had indicated that they would vote for May’s deal if the DUP were happy with it; but the DUP have thus far only called for changes to the backstop in the Withdrawal Agreement, which May flatly ruled out in parliament yesterday.

The extension offered by the European Union last week indicates that the UK parliament must offer a new way forward, or else it would leave the EU without a deal on 12 April.

If May’s deal passes, the UK would leave the EU on 22 May.

With MPs voting to take control of business in the House of Commons tomorrow, the prime minister has little chance of getting her deal through this week. 

But, the deal has come back from the dead before, and we may not have seen the last of it just yet. 

Does this make either a deal or a no-deal more likely?

Predicting what’ll happen next in Brexit is fraught with difficulty, given how fluidly the situation has changed so often in recent months. 

The next real indication we’ll get of what kind of Brexit will eventually happen will be following the results of the indicative votes tomorrow in Westminster.

MPs voting to set their own agenda does suggest the potential for a majority for a softer Brexit where the UK remains within a customs union, and that’ll be made clearer tomorrow.

But what actually happens there could make the situation no clearer – if there’s no majority for anything and with the potential for May to simply ignore the results.

One thing is clear – after the short extension granted to the UK, it only has two weeks to decide what its next steps are.

As is always the case with Brexit, time is running out. 

With reporting from Gráinne Ní Aodha

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    Mute Graham Kavanagh
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:51 AM

    I can’t wait – a vaccine for autism. The anti-vaxer idiots won’t know what to do.

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    Mute Jax Maxwel
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:27 PM

    You crazy? Sure putting a autism vaccine into otherwise healthy kids would definitely cause them to become autistic same as the flu jab gives you the flu!

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    Mute Larissa Caroline Nikolaus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:30 PM

    The flu jab gives you the flu? You’re either taking the p*ss, or you have absolutely no understanding in how a vaccine works

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    Mute Jax Maxwel
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:32 PM

    Sorry Larissa sarcasm doesn’t translate into text!

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    Mute Larissa Caroline Nikolaus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:35 PM

    Thanks for clearing that up, Jax

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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:35 PM

    Jax, that would only be the case if Autism was an infection which your immune system could fight. They give you a small dose of the flu so your immune system can become accustom to fighting the flu virus. Autism is not an infection.

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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:36 PM

    Jax, you should really use your /sarcasm font next time.

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    Mute David
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:54 AM

    As someone with autism in the family I welcome new research pathways. I trust scientists, not ‘experts’ from the university of youtube.

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    Mute Moderate Michael
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:15 PM

    How dare you speak ill of randomers on the internet. Don’t you know they are heroes of the 21st century

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:18 PM

    And twitter outrage is the new reformation

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    Mute Philip King
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:40 AM

    I’m unsure if that’s a good thing or a bad thing.

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    Mute Dave Thomas
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:10 PM

    Depends on if it actually produces the outcome it’s supposed too.

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    Mute Matty Reese
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:14 PM

    I’m not sure genetically engineering mammals to give them behavioural issues is the right way to go about it. I’m sure most western researchers would have struggled to get (and rightly so) funding for such a project.
    As a scientist, I believe this raises a lot of ethical questions. It is more or less accepted that there can be no “cure” for autism and I’m not sure what can be learned from simian behaviour which cannot be learned from studying autistic humans. This seems more like a genetic engineering experiment dressed up as a disorder study.

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:20 PM

    How cruel to inflict a man made disease on other species.
    Autism didn’t exist a few years ago.
    Now one in every 100 US children have it. (and one in every 60 boys)
    If it increases at this pace one in every 2 children will have it within a few short years.
    There will be not enough resources and money in the world to deal with that crisis (without even taking into account all of the other diseases birth defects etc)
    Yet all big pharma want to do is start another profit war and keep the general public in the dark.
    There are obvious factors that are increasing the cases of Autism, terminal diseases and birth defects etc in humans that every simple farmer and true animal lover understands.

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:22 PM

    Here are some cases where Autism seemed to have been reversed.
    For anyone concerned, it would be worth while contacting the practitioners and therapists who handled the cases.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwuyxyBUmwY

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    Mute Lorna Dempsey
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:05 PM

    First diagnosis was 1943. It didn’t mean autism didn’t exist before this, it just means that it was formally recognised. It’s only recently recognised as a spectrum disorder which is why more kids are diagnosed. There is no epidemic and it’s not a man made disease..in fact it’s not a disease at all. It’s a different way of being.

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    Mute John B
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:55 PM

    John Neary, as a child I had many in my school who were called “simple”. My parents generation the same. I think if you truly check history you will find that surprisingly the incidence of “simple” has massively decreased as modern science and psychiatry is able to give “simple” a real diagnosis. But hey who cares about facts, let’s all go buy some tin foil hats. Hey sure did you know epilepsy is also man made? Yes, thousands of years ago it didn’t exist. Although back then the incidence of people thrashing around with demonic possession was much higher, I’ll grant you that.

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    Mute Denise Houlihan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 6:51 PM

    Autism has always existed. You should do some research before posting.

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 26th 2016, 8:36 PM

    Autism does not occur in animals.
    Only the unfortunate ones that humans tamper with, like the unfortunate Monkeys in the article.

    Simple does not equal Autism John.

    Please provide your research that Autism always existed Denise.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qR6aDkVjYY
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=426tIOS3Jdk
    (No monkeys were tampered with in the making of these videos)

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    Mute John B
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    Jan 26th 2016, 10:10 PM

    YouTube is not the same as research.

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 26th 2016, 10:28 PM

    These are brave children, parents, practitioners and therapists who have managed to reverse Autism and who have decided to share their stories via youtube.
    Why would anyone have an issue with that?

    I know it’s not exactly a study sponsored by a pharmaceutical company that sells patented toxic chemicals (with severe side effects) for profits.
    Or Scientist who intentionally molest monkeys and other animals.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0yn4SBNSkg4
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XimasKn9Bmo

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    Mute John B
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:02 PM

    Again Johnneary, anecdotes are not research. If a drug company told you an anecdote I’m sure you wouldn’t trust it, because “big pharma” etc.

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:48 PM

    Without anecdotes we would no longer exist John.
    Crooked self certified pharma “research” has little to no use to humankind, only it’s demise.

    What’s your issue with a people who reversed a condition (that Big Pharma have declared as incurable) sharing an anecdote?
    Anecdote “a short amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person”.

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    Mute Donnachaín Ní Uallacháin
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:55 PM

    I have and continue to study the subject and it is a commonly held belief that autism had always existed in humans. I am currently reading Steve Silberman’s Neurotribes for example, which impeccably researches the history of autism. He begins with Henry Cavendish aka the Wizard of Clapham Common or the man who weighed the world, in the 18th century. I can bombard you with links to studies if you like but I think you are not willing to accept the fact that it had always existed and without individuals with autism, we would be living in a vastly different and

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    Mute Donnachaín Ní Uallacháin
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    Jan 27th 2016, 12:04 AM

    Less technogically advanced world.

    Your ‘research’ on the other hand, is basically quackery! Trying to reverse autism is like trying to reverse the colour of a person’s eyes, or their sexual preferences. It proves that autism awareness and education has a very long way to go! It is a neruological difference, not a disease to be cured. I do not for one moment believe any of those brave parents who claim to have reverses their child’s autism. I know families who have spent tens and hundreds of thousands of euro doing just that, only to eventually give up abd finally accept their child. How damaging must that be for a child?

    Also, have you got proof that autism doesn’t exist in animals?

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    Mute Johnneary
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    Jan 27th 2016, 10:25 AM

    Are you trying to insult and discredit the children in the many testimonials?
    They were all diagnosed by allopathic/conventional medical profession to have autism, and got the all clear from the same allopathic/conventional medical profession after they reversed their Autism.
    Would it not be better to investigate what these people have done right rather than label them Quacks and cry in support frankenstein experiments on such a beautiful intelligent species?

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    Mute Motherofdivinejebus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:59 AM

    While i can almost see the benefits in something lie this, Intentionally creating a sick/challenged animal no matter what the reason for, just doesn`t sit well with me…..
    I don`t think we should be playing god with any species to be honest about it.

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:20 PM

    Do you take medicines or have you been treated for an illness?

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    Mute Matty Reese
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:19 PM

    This raises a lot of ethical questions. It is more or less accepted that there can be no “cure” for autism and I’m not sure what can be learned from simian behaviour which cannot be learned from studying autistic humans. This seems more like a genetic engineering experiment dressed up as a disorder study.
    We still manage to develop medicine since curbing the excesses of animal experimentation. Normally research proceeds on merit nowadays.
    for instance, I don’t think it was ever needed to force animals to smoke to study its effects.

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    Mute fintolini
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    Jan 26th 2016, 2:05 PM

    Ask anyone with autism, related to or connected to someone with autism and ask them if they “more or less accept” there will never be treatment.

    We should never accept that something will be impossible forever!

    How many times have we said that in last 100 years and then find something we all thought never possible.

    I for one will always live in hope that one day there will be a massive breakthrough for sufferers and those connected to help ease the affects on and don’t think anyone should give up.

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    Mute Zmeevo Libe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:23 PM

    Fintolini, I have a child with aurism and I accept that he will always be autistic. There you go.

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    Mute Donnachaín Ní Uallacháin
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    Jan 26th 2016, 7:00 PM

    Fintolini, I too have a son with autism and I accept him 100%. I accept that there is no cure because there is nothing wrong with him.

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    Mute Zmeevo Libe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 7:03 PM

    Thanks, Donnachain, you put it much better than me.

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    Mute fintolini
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    Jan 27th 2016, 8:13 AM

    Wow…. Where did I say that you shouldn’t accept your child with autism?

    I have a son with autism, I 100% accept him.

    What I don’t accept is that there may never be a form of treatment available to him if he wishes to help aid him in life. Autism, at least for my son will limit his opportunities in life, do I want him to have every opportunity in life, of course I do. That was my point, nothing else.

    If some parents don’t want that, that’s ok, but don’t assume there are not many parents who do.

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    Mute Zmeevo Libe
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    Jan 27th 2016, 9:17 AM

    Fintolini, that is fair enough, I am sure we all want to make it easier for our children to navigate a neurotypical world. But words like “treatment” and “sufferers” imply they are broken and need fixing for this world to accept them. The aim is to make the rest of the world to meet them half way and also accept them, as different but not broken.

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    Mute david dickson
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:43 AM

    That’s an awful thing to do. They are the animals.

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    Mute Sean Newberry
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:57 AM

    They’re not killing the monkeys

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    Mute Motherofdivinejebus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:00 PM

    No, they are not killing them, but they ARE creating them, there is something unsettling about that

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    Mute Joe Phillips
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:01 PM

    In fairness, if the monkeys knew the possible benefits of this, I’m not entirely sure they wouldn’t volunteer for it. Seriously though… while it’s sad for the monkeys, it’s sort of necessary and i think the end may justify the means.

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:17 PM

    If your anti this then you shouldn’t take medicines or look for treatment for any disease you suffer from as most research is done this way….. Otherwise your a hypocrite

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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:38 PM

    They ARE killing the monkeys, after they subject them to horrific vivisection studies. Google monkey brain experiments if you want to see what will happen these macaques with autism. And yes, I know a lot of medicines currently require animal testing, but there are more ethical alternatives and we should be pushing for those instead.

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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:40 PM

    What are the more ethical alternatives Ross?

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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:46 PM
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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:50 PM

    Also, within animal testing, there is the principle of replacement, reduction and refinement to avoid unnecessary cruelty. Unfortunately, most companies are under no pressure to follow this principle and govts don’t force them to. Resulting in cruelty and needless deaths well beyond what is needed for their studies

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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:53 PM

    Ross, in that link that you provided pretty much every alternative which would be relevant to the study of Autism has a note attached which says that the results would still need to be confirmed through animal testing.

    In this case, there is no alternative.

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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:06 PM

    Jason, more ethical alternatives can mean the choice to test on 10 macaques after other avenues are explored, or testing on 200 to cut time and costs. The needless cruelty and death is the main ethical issue. In a country like China, with their terrible human rights record, you can only imagine how little value is place on a macaques life or tolerance of pain. If a way to treat autism arrives, then great, but we should all make sure that is by the most ethical way possible- that after all is the ‘humane’ way
    https://www.ahc.umn.edu/rar/ethics.html

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    Mute Missyb211
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:30 PM

    A professor from the University College London said “this is a potentially very important scientific development…[but ]there are also significant welfare issues. These would need to be taken into account in assessing the future of this research programme”

    It’s a hard to know really if it’s totally okay to use animals this way but we do need to discover how to possibly prevent or treat Autism.

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    Mute John B
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    Jan 26th 2016, 6:14 PM

    The alternatives suggested by those animal cruelty organizations are universally performed in all research but come before the step of animal testing. Can anyone against animal research truly say yes to their doctor who wants to try and test a new drug when he/she says “we tested it on some cells in a jar”.

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    Mute Hola Mi Gente
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    Jan 27th 2016, 11:28 PM

    yes it is disgusting. But absolutely necessary. You know animals do some awful things to each-other. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzwbOZKfrUQ

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:00 PM

    Those poor monkeys being put through a life of tests and a lot of stress and fear. Its incredibly cruel!

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:20 PM

    Do you take medicines or have you received treatment for any illness??

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:29 PM

    I’ll stop you there.. before you go on preaching to me about items that have been tested on animals. I’m well aware of medicines AND everyday items that have been and still are tested on animals. I do my homework. I’m merely stating my opinion on being against it. They are still living things and feel fear and pain! It doesn’t matter that they are any less intelligent.

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:32 PM

    So your against it, but quite happy to benefit from it… hmmmmm…

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:37 PM

    As I said, I do my homework on the companies!

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:37 PM

    If you were against it you wouldn’t accept the medicines… You like to think your against it because it seems like a good thing to do or looks good written down.. in reality your like the rest of us and you don’t really care where medicines come from as long as they do the job

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    Mute Larissa Caroline Nikolaus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:38 PM

    Mark Ryan, just because one recognizes that animal testing might be a necessary ‘evil’ doesn’t mean one has to applaud it.

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    Mute Larissa Caroline Nikolaus
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:39 PM

    Mark Ryan, just because one recognizes that animal testing might be a necessary ‘evil’ doesn’t mean one has to applaud it

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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:39 PM

    Chantelle, it’s an unfortunate fact that this sort of experimentation is highly effective. They can study the live effects of the disease and develop possible treatments in a timely manner without the need for human experimentation.

    In this case the ends really do justify the means.

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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:42 PM

    Mark, if drug companies want to test their drugs on animals because its cheaper than more ethical alternative tests, then that’s not the consumers fault. If there were similar drugs that were ethical then the consumer would have a choice. To make choice available, govt laws can urge drug companies to adopt ethical testing more urgently and we should all be urging this to happen.
    It’s not as simple as ‘if you’re against it, don’t take the drugs’

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:43 PM

    Mark, you don’t know the first thing about me so, please don’t make assumptions. Please and thank you.

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:45 PM

    You shouldn’t be a hypocrite either larissa… That’s the stance your taking, your either against something or your not… Going online and saying you don’t like it is pointless…. It would be like 5 people in a room getting treated for cancer and one standing up to tell the others how much they are against the medicine

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:48 PM

    @ross or the people who buy the drugs could refuse to use them to send a message… I just hate this faux outrage from people who don’t really care but think it’s looks good to post up that they do. If these experiments leads to cures for cancer etc then they are worth it

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:53 PM

    Feels strongly, so you would like it to be different but your happy to avail of benefits of current experiments.. That’s a little bit more clear on your position

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    Mute Ross Stewart
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:57 PM

    Mark, it is real outrage from people who do care but have no choice. It’s not like deciding not to buy a Mars bar. For some people, deciding to boycott drugs means death. You can only imagine being in that kind of position and how hard a choice it is to make. However they decide, they still have a right to complain about the manufacture of the drugs, just as they’d have a right to complain about the cost of the drugs.

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:58 PM

    Nope, again.. You are not getting what I’m saying but reading between the lines.

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:14 PM

    What choice would you make ross?

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    Mute Mark Ryan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:16 PM

    I am chantelle. Your happy with yourself that you don’t agree with the testing it and that fact makes you feel better about using any of the treatments which are provided by the testing…

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    Mute Chantelle Hughes
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:45 PM

    Mark, I make conscious decisions about products when I can. In regards to meds in general, I know they all would have been tested on animals, I know there are years between clinical trials and meds being sold to people BUT I am dead set against it!! Hopefully we’re nearing a time where testing on animals comes to an end. Science is amazing! So finding other ways to do clinical trials shouldn’t be that hard when you look at what they can do now, there’s no excuse! I’ve learned a lot in recent months about regenerative medicine and in what they can do with stem cells, tissue engineering etc

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    Mute SteoG
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:33 PM

    Very well explained Chantelle, unfortunately some people do not have the cognitive ability to see the complexity of the issues involved.

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    Mute C O'Neill
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:45 AM

    Stop putting mercury in vaccines would be a start. Prevention is better than cure.

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    Mute Graham Kavanagh
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:52 AM

    I wish they would stop putting chlorine in our table salt.

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    Mute Sean Ronayne
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:53 AM

    The irony of an anti-vaccination argument using the phrase “prevention is better than the cure” is blinding.

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    Mute Fozz
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:59 AM

    C O’Neill….read up on a term called ‘dosage’.
    Fascinating stuff.

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    Mute John Horan
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:00 PM

    They stopped using thimerosal (the preservative that contains mercury and that kicked all this off) in vaccines in the US in 2001, just in case. Still waiting to see the drop in autism rates in young kids due to this “prevention” strategy…

    15 years down the line, it is fairly safe to say that the link between autism and ethyl mercury has been completely debunked.

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    Mute C O'Neill
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:02 PM

    My primary job duties while working in the Immunization Safety Branch from 2000 to ’06 were lead or co-lead three major vaccine safety studies—the MADDSP MMR Autism Cases Control study was being carried out in response to the Wakefield Lancet study that suggested an association between the MMR vaccine and an autism-like health outcome. There were several major concerns among scientists and consumer advocates outside the CDC in the fall of 2000 regarding the execution of the Verstraeten study. One of the important goals that was determined up front in the spring of ’01 before any of these studies started, was to have all three protocols vetted outside the CDC prior to the start of the analyses so that consumer advocates could not claim that we were presenting analyses that presented our own goals and biases. We hypothesized that if we found statistically significant effects at either 18 or 36 month thresholds, we would conclude that vaccinating children early with MMR could lead to autism-like characteristics or features. We all met and finalized the study protocol and analysis plan. The goal was to not deviate from the analysis plan to avoid the debacle that occurred with the Verstraeten thimerosal study published in Pediatrics in ’03. At the September 5th meeting, we discussed in detail how to code race for both the sample and the birth certificate sample. At the bottom of Table 7 it also shows that for the non-birth certificate sample, the adjusted race effect statistical significance was huge. All the authors and I met and decided sometime between August and September ’02 not to report any race effects for the paper. Sometime soon after the meeting, we decided to exclude reporting any race effects, the co-authors scheduled a meeting to destroy documents related to the study. The remaining four co-authors all met and brought a big garbage can into the meeting room and reviewed and went through all the hard copy documents that we had thought we should discard and put them in a huge garbage can. However, because I assumed it was illegal and would violate both FOIA and DOJ requests, I kept hard copies of all documents in my office and I retained all associated computer files. I believe we intentionally withheld controversial findings from the final draft of the Pediatrics paper. (quote from Dr. William Thompson of the CDC) – See more at: http://healthimpactnews.com/2015/will-cdc-whistleblower-on-vaccines-testify-before-congress/#sthash.w5cTEdH6.dpuf

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:31 PM

    Kids here judge without even reading the material or looking at the videos. If Dr Andrew Wakefield is proven to be correct the entire system would be shamed. He appears to be a very genuine person driven by altruistic concerns. Red thumbs on the Journal are usually an expression of ignorance by the ignorant. His campaign has beeb ongoing for some time and to dismiss him completely could be disastrous.

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    Mute David
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:31 PM

    Pathetic.

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    Mute Dermot Lane
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:44 PM

    he won’t ever be proven to be correct though,will he? no other scientists could replicate his findings. there are probably children dead because of this doctor and his fraudulent study.

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 11:58 AM

    There is no such thing as a human autism gene. It has been suggested that autism may be the result of a combination of genes and/or other factors not yet understood. The subject here appears to mimic certain traits found in humans with autism. Behaviour therapy is not actually a therapy but more of a conditioning system that tries to make the ‘patient’ behave in a manner that neurotypicals might find more pleasing. It ignores the unhappiness and mental anguish that it causes to the ‘patient’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PEhlSPB9w7Y

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    Mute Jax Maxwel
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    Jan 26th 2016, 12:43 PM

    Youtube… a great factual research tool. All new scientific research journals should reference them if they want to be taken seriously.

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:05 PM

    The Youtube reference was not meant as a scientific proof of anything. There is no definitive scientific answer to the many questions posed by autism but I believe that a treatment based on punishment and reward is morally objectionable. Conditioning a ‘patient’ to respond impulsively to certain situations in certain ways is wrong. The happiness of the ‘patient’ is very important. Was pavlov’s dog a happy dog?

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    Mute Carol Oates
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:35 PM

    I used what you call conditioning with my son when he was younger. I avoided punishment but I am well aware it cause him, me, and my entire family great anguish at the time. However, it was in his best interest and with his long-term happiness and comfort in mind. His life would be so completely different now and significantly more limited had he been left to his own devices. He can enjoy concerts, regular screening at the cinema, crowds, flashing lights, eating out, traveling. Just a few of the things he loves to do but would never have been able to if I had taken the option of not trying to help him within with what you would call a nurotypical world but we(my son and me) just call the world. Denying him that because it makes you uncomfortable would be cruel.

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 2:08 PM

    Carol, I never suggested not helping. There is a big difference between helping and classical conditioning. A conditioned response is not the same thing as a voluntary response. I believe that the type of conditioning involved in ABA is counter productive. A child’s response to a stimulus like flashing lights might change over time. You cannot teach a child to accept something that causes him great pain and suffering without causing more pain and suffering.

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    Mute Carol Oates
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    Jan 26th 2016, 3:59 PM

    Leo, no offence but you are talking rubbish. Do not presume to tell me about my son’s suffering. I’ve lived with him for 21 years. You’ve never met him. My own version of ABA was literally life changing in a positive way for him. As ABA has been for many autistic children. I get a sense you’re on the spectrum from the way you refer to the nurotypical world. You views are typically insular. If I had listened to anyone like you years ago, my lad would have a very different and vastly more difficult life today.

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:27 PM

    Is that any way to address somebody who you think is on the spectrum? Do you think that it is acceptable to insult somebody that you just suspect of having a developmental disorder. It would appear that you had one attitude toward typically developing children and another toward those with autism. There are many people who are not just happy but quite proud of their autistic traits. In spite of your claims you appear to know very little about autism in general. There is a saying that if you have met one person with autism then you have met one person with autism. It is not a disease, it is just a different way of thinking. No two people are the same.

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    Mute Missyb211
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:48 PM

    Leo, I don’t understand why you say there is no such thing as an autistic gene etc and then go on to talk about behavioural therapy. What is the connection?

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 4:56 PM

    Do you know what is like to experience pain like darts piercing your eyes when you see certain lights? Do you know what it is like to hear the screams of everybody in a crowded room when they are just talking? Do you know the pain involved in hearing a car or a burglar alarm? Did you ever experience pain so bad that you had to cover your ears to try and stop your head from exploding? Do you know what it is like to listen to somebody ask you a question and not understand what they have said until 10 minutes or 10 hours have passed? Do you know what is like to look at somebody stare at you like an idiot just because you have just repeated their question that you have not understood? Do you know what it is like for somebody to tell you how to behave when you are screaming in agony, screaming for help?

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:08 PM

    Miss, What I am saying is that no individual gene has been identified as a gene that causes autism. It is thought that it may be influenced by several or a combination of several genes. There is help available, my gripe is with behavioural therapy such as ABA. The outcome might appear as though the person with autism is behaving naturally just like a neurotypical person. This is not a cure but it gives the impression that the person with autism has been successfully transformed. Depending on the delivery method, this can cause great stress to the person under treatment. ABA has been refined and is not as bad as it once was. Is such a therapy designed for the good of the patient or is it designed to make others feel more comfortable?

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    Mute Carol Oates
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:22 PM

    Oh Leo, I have not met one person with Autism, I have met hundreds. I’ve never had an attitude with any except those small few who have tried to silence parents or tried to make them feel bad about helping their children with ABA. Autism is hard enough to live with without someone(anyone autistic or not) trying to make parents ashamed about ABA. You have the right, of course, to be happy with your autism and even be proud. What you cannot do is tell others who are also living with Autism and who are not happy or proud that they cannot or should not seek means of making their loved one’s life easier. You don’t need to educate me on Autism either. I didn’t call it a disease. You must understand that many with Autism would die without full-time care. People like my son who are incapable of caring for themselves ever. That “different way of thinking” would mean certain death in terms of evolution for many. So I do hope one day for some sort of a cure for those who want or need it. Lastly, autism doesn’t protect you from criticism. If you can articulate a comment as you have, you are capable of debating that comment.

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    Mute Leo Lowe
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:37 PM

    There is an online course on anthropology at https://www.open2study.com It might help you understand evolution. You are misrepresenting everything that I have said. I will just put it down to your lack of understanding.

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    Mute Catherine Mc
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    Jan 26th 2016, 6:12 PM

    Cruel

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    Mute Jan Rose O Sullivan-Byrd
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    Jan 26th 2016, 5:03 PM

    Very cruel on the monkey’s

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    Mute Daffy the Bear
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    Jan 26th 2016, 6:01 PM

    Very cruel on the mokey’s what?

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    Mute carol clare
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    Jan 26th 2016, 7:20 PM

    If they dont know what causes autism how can they give it to monkeys as a parent of an autistic child i dont understand how they can do that without knowing what causes it

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    Mute neil carroll
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    Jan 26th 2016, 2:27 PM

    on the planet of the apes man biggest threat is MAN.

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    Mute Oran Joyce
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    Jan 26th 2016, 1:19 PM

    Someone should take a case on behalf of the monkeys to the UN court of human rights.

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    Mute Adams Swift
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    Jul 15th 2016, 11:23 AM

    Mama Anita herbal medicine is a good remedy for AUTISM VIRUS. My Daughter was a carrier of AUTISM VIRUS. And i searching the internet, I saw a testimony on how MAMA ANITA cure AUTISM VIRUS. I decided to contact. I contacted her and she guided Me about my daughter’s situation. I asked her for solutions about my daughter’s Autism Virus and she started the remedies for my daughter’s health. Thank God, now everything is fine, My daughter is fully cured by Mama Anita herbal medicine, I’m very thankful to Mama Anita. Reach her on mamaanitaspellcraft.org@gmail.com Or contact her whatsapp number via +233553866486. web site http://www.mama-anitaspellcraft.wix.com/anita

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    Mute Rosa Parks
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    Jan 27th 2016, 12:19 AM

    It disproves the sceptics that deny the existence of autism.

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    Mute FlopFlipU
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    Jan 26th 2016, 10:08 PM

    That’s nuts

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