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'People's perception of what an Irish film is, and the quality of it, has totally changed'

What’s making Irish film have such a moment in 2023?

LAST UPDATE | 12 Mar 2023

Aoife Barry reports from LA.

IN A WEEK like this week, where Irish films are duking it out among the big boys and girls at the Oscars, it’s a time to ask how we got here, and what it means for the future of Irish filmmaking.

Ireland is a small country, and though it’s a cliché to say it punches above its weight when it comes to cinema, this year is held as proof the saying is true.

Since My Left Foot was nominated for Best Film after its 1989 release, the country’s success has been building at the awards. The 1990s saw Oscar-nominated Irish directors like Jim Sheridan and Neil Jordan find a footing outside of Ireland, giving them opportunities to take a chance on the Hollywood system.

Though Irish names had been present at the Oscars and in Hollywood for decades, Ireland’s 1990s film success was coming as the country was economically expanding, and must have seemed like a sign of a more confident, more ambitious nation.

Fast forward to the 2010s and Lenny Abrahamson received his nomination – and a win for his film Room’s star Brie Larson – for a story set outside of Ireland but written by an Irish author. 

This year is notable not just because we have 14 nominations, but 25% of the acting nominations are for Irish actors. We’ve long had big Irish names in cinema, but things are feeling a little different – Paul Mescal only started his career proper three years ago; Barry Keoghan is just 30. An Oscar nomination is now a legitimate aim for young Irish actors.  

What’s an Irish film?

This year is interesting too because of what the types of films in the mix say about what ‘Irish film’ is right now.

Banshees of Inisherin is by no means a film with a Marvel war chest, but it had a $20 million budget which it made back twice in the box office. Film4 was amongst the three production companies behind it and it was distributed by Searchlight.

An Cailín Ciúin, meanwhile, was made under a special scheme, which sees TG4, Screen Ireland and the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI) provide funding for Irish language film. Under this Cine4 scheme, films with a budget of up to €1.2 million can apply for funding support. The gulf between what it and Banshees cost is clear.

You can expect an even smaller budget was available for the short film An Irish Goodbye, while Aftersun (which Paul Mescal received his nomination for) is a British independent low-budget film.

There’s much diversity, then, in the films that made it through. The other Irish nominees are also proof of how wide-ranging Irish film careers can be – Richard Baneham, nominated in the Visual Effects category alongside three of his colleagues from Avatar, studied his craft in Ireland but went to the US where he made his way to the big leagues (and won an Oscar in 2009).

Jonathan Redmond, nominated for editing Elvis alongside Matt Villa, has worked outside of Ireland with Baz Luhrmann for 20 years, first meeting him in Australia.

There is clearly much opportunity to be had if you make your way to the home of Hollywood (where there is a plethora of options for study and work), but the homegrown nominees are also showing that there’s success to be had here too. That a smaller Irish film can make its way to the Oscars shows both the work necessary to get there (as outlined in our article here), but also gives hope to others for what’s possible.

Still, it’s a business after all. Films don’t just get made on a hope and a wish, and they certainly don’t get to the Oscars with just some crossing of fingers.

While in LA to cover the 2023 Oscars, The Journal took the opportunity to speak to some of the Irish film industry insiders over here this week to find out more about the reasons for this year’s success – and what an ‘Irish film’ is anyway.

‘It’s not a one-off’

Screen Ireland is a major funder of Irish film, and spokesperson Louise Ryan says that the Oscar nominations success “hasn’t happened by accident – it’s not a one-off”. She maintains that it’s the result of investing in talent “by creating a space for Irish filmmakers to take a risk, by providing skills [training] and providing a really creative infrastructure for filmmaking to happen”.

It’s interesting to note, too, that post-recession, Screen Ireland (then called the Irish Film Board), had its government funding slashed, having to slowly build back up to previous levels.

In 2009, it feared for its future after the An Bord Snip Nua report recommended it should be wound up. Those fears didn’t come to pass, but in the context of the recession things looked stark. 

Now, we’re more used to reading positive stories about Irish film. Robert McCann Finn is a co-founder, alongside Nell Roddy, of Break Out Pictures which is the Irish distributor for An Cailín Ciúin.

While out in LA, Break Out announced a slew of new acquisitions of Irish films, including Sinead O’Shea’s award-winning Pray For Our Sinners; Andrew Legge’s debut feature Lola (with Signature Entertainment); Lisa Mulcahy’s psychological thriller Lies We Tell; Ballywalter, starring Patrick Kielty in his acting debut alongside Seána Kerslake (a joint release with Elysian Film); Ken Wardop’s feature I Hate Christmas, and a joint acquisition of the film version of Mark O’Halloran’s hit play Conversations After Sex, to be directed by Aisling Walsh. It also acquired the rights to Harry McGee’s multi award-winning Irish Times podcast GUBU, about Malcolm Macarthur. A varied and vibrant list of Irish productions there.

“I think the whole perception of Irish film has changed – from An Irish Goodbye, and Banshees of Inisherin and now [An Cailín Ciúin],” McCann Finn told The Journal. “I think people’s perception of what an Irish film is and the quality of it, it’s just totally changed. I think that naturally attracts more creative people from all over [to Ireland].”

Roddy spoke about the confidence that she’s been seeing blossom within the homegrown industry. “There’s a real confidence in Irish filmmaking over the last number of years and I think that’s coming through a lot now,” she said. The Oscar nominations are the “pinnacle” of that, she said.

“Just this confidence in what the crew can bring, what actors can bring, what directors can bring… And you really are seeing more and more that even if they are small budget, independent films, the quality can compete now on the world stage.”

She says this has all been growing “for years”, leading to Irish films being able to compete internationally. 

Producer Rebecca O’Flanagan from Treasure Entertainment has been involved in a swathe of interesting and impactful Irish film and TV work over the past few decades – like Handsome Devil, Smother, Viva, and Papi Chulo. Next up is the John Carney (Once) directed Flora and Son, starring Eve Hewson.

O’Flanagan’s been involved in projects that challenge any perceived stereotypes around what an Irish film ‘is’, with some set outside of Ireland and with no distinct ‘Irishness’ besides their writer or director. 

“A number of years ago we did a film called Viva, which was in Spanish and directed by Paddy Breathnach and written by Mark O’Halloran. For me it is an Irish film and it was obviously produced by us – but of course, there’s no actual Irish elements to it,” she said.

“And we did a film in Los Angeles [Papi Chulo, starring Matt Bomer] by John Butler – again, which was purely an LA story, but it was an Irish film at its heart, I think, in terms of what it was exploring.”

This brings up a question tackled by Professor Ruth Barton in her book Irish Cinema in the Twenty-First Century, of what an Irish film ‘is’. Barton writes about a ‘globalisation’ of Irish production and talent, something which this year’s Oscars underscores.

Irish film also frequently involves co-productions these days, which Barton writes is not as criticised as it was in the past for leading to ‘europudding’-style films. Instead, there’s  typically a leaning into the opportunities that these co-productions can bring. 

The work of people like Flanagan shows that within Ireland, the idea of Irishness on film is an expansive one. But she also maintains that in terms of looking at what an Irish story is, “a lot of times, we’re focusing initially on the domestic audience”. If we want an Irish film to do well, making it appeal to the masses outside of Ireland isn’t always the place to start, she says.

“Sometimes I think, if you stay true and authentic to [the domestic audience], it’s the kind of thing that can break out. I think the minute you start trying to over analyse – ‘what will travel, how do we position Ireland as something for an international audience’ – very often you can start to lose the thing that feels real and authentic about it.”

For her, the hook is the storytelling – an aspect of Irish film that came up again and again while speaking to people in LA this week. 

Mark Swift, nominated alongside Joel Crawford for their work on Puss in Boots, told us: “I think there’s something magic in the air in Ireland – they’re the best storytellers in the world. It’s such a cultural country, it doesn’t surprise me that it’s all come together for the Irish this year.” (He has Irish parents, so has some personal investment too in what happens here.) 

Storytelling

Though again we might come back to cliché with the ‘Ireland is a great home for storytelling’ angle, it’s not necessarily a load of blarney.

An Cailín Ciúin, for example, is based on the stunning novella Foster by Claire Keegan. It shows how a deeply emotional story, which itself takes in greater stories around Ireland’s treatment of its children, can be entirely local in its depiction – it’s in Irish and set in rural Ireland, though not a stereotypical rural location – but has moved audiences internationally. 

It contrasts in many ways with the version of Ireland in Banshees of Inisherin, which has some fantastical elements even if its location is grounded in reality.

Both tell fictional stories about Ireland, but what audiences have connected with is what’s at the heart of that story.

There are undoubtedly future filmmakers taking note. 

The Journal will be liveblogging the Oscars and present in the winners’ press room when the 2023 event takes place later today.

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3 Comments
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    Mute Kerry Blake
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:27 AM

    Thanks for that Gavan.

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    Mute Alan Hanlon
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:37 AM

    i now feel informed ;) cheers

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    Mute Desmond O'Toole
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:49 AM

    Yep, good summary Gavan. Thanks.

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    Mute James Gallagher
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:06 AM

    Indeed, that explainer is really useful – thanks Gavan

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    Mute Rory Conway
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    Jun 29th 2012, 1:36 PM

    Great to see that Gavan can translate this into ordinary English. Other Media , take note.

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    Mute Chan Lynch
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:38 AM

    I find it rather galling that this was only considered when Spain needed a bailout. It seems a much more logical way of using bailout funds. Were we not important enough for this kind of consideration 2 years ago?

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    Mute Desmond O'Toole
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:48 AM

    Unfortunately, Chan, a collapse of Spain’s banking system would have a far greater effect on the stability of the Euro than what has happened in Ireland. Also worth noting that the approach to bank financing in Europe and the priority for growth has undergone a sea-change since the election of Francois Hollande in France. It’s not an increasingly irrelevant Britain that the Taoiseach should be looking to, but France.

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    Mute Stephen Maher
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:51 AM

    Obviously not. Just shows what our European “partners” actually think of us: expendable paddies.

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    Mute Chan Lynch
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:04 AM

    Yea Desmond, obviously Spains problems would have had a greater knock on. Its not about that though, its about what is the best way to distribute bank bailout funds, regardless of how big or small the bailout? I mean, that question should be asked at the start of any negotiations and the answer should be the same for everyone.

    Even if a deal is somehow worked out to apply this retroactively to all the money we put into the banks, a significant amount of damage has already been done(in terms of cost of borrowing, subsequent budgets since the bailout etc.) because this wasnt considered for us 2 years ago.

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    Mute Fae Jitt
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    Jun 29th 2012, 11:26 AM

    Ah Cmon Stephen, when are you going to realise that most of these countries have cities have the population of Ireland?
    Why should they bother changing everything to suit a small population?
    You dont have to like it, but there it is

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    Mute Paul Mallon
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    Jul 1st 2012, 5:56 PM

    They didn’t do it this way for Ireland because the government decided to pay it with our money.

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    Mute Yvonne Byrne
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:49 AM

    Thank you Spain. Thank you Italy. This deal goes to show what can happen when leaders take their courage in their hands and say “enough is enough”. While Enda & Eamonn will try to claim credit for this “coup” we know it only came about because Spain & Italy held firm, or as the media called it last night “held the summit to ransom” on this issue.

    It would be great if we had Leaders with such courage.

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    Mute Katie Does
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:01 AM

    It may say more about how much size matters than the courage of anyone. In European terms, like it or not, we are tiny. When you are big your voice is louder, your leverage greater and your ‘courage’ more likely to be rewarded.

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    Mute Winston C
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:03 AM

    Spot on, Katie. We’re a yappy teacup chihuahua in a room full of mastiffs and nothing more.

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    Mute Dave McAuliffe
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:44 AM

    Aye but if a chihuahua ever decided to chomp on someones balls it could still be painful.

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    Mute Too Trueleft
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:46 AM

    Not really guys. The capacity of Ireland to ‘hold a summit to ransom’ depends not on the size of the nation but the exposure of european banks to their banking debt. As time has rolled on and Ireland has been the star pupil, or mug to be more appropriate, our hand has weakend.

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    Mute Stefan Hanrahan
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:03 AM

    If the. Government can recoup 10s of billions from the banks does this mean that it can invest this money in infrastructure and get the domestic economy growing again?nBecause if this is so its great news!n

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    Mute Peter 'Nocky' Naughnane
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:16 AM

    In theory Stefan, this would be fantastic. Europe seems a little brighter this morning!

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    Mute Steve McNally
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:19 AM

    I wouldn’t hold my breath

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    Mute Padraig O'Connor
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    Jun 30th 2012, 2:34 AM

    Somehow i don’t think money gained from this can go anywhere other than to pay off some of our loans.. But the money saved by doing that could very well go back into such things alright..

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    Mute Winston C
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    Jun 29th 2012, 9:58 AM

    It’s a very interesting move anyway. If we can get the money back out of the banks and shift their debt into the ESM we’ll be doing well.

    Essentially we’ll be letting the banks from the different countries dip into the ESM and the liability will be spread throughout the EU, as opposed to just on the back of the taxpayers in individual countries.

    Given our maximum exposure to the ESM as taxpayers is €11bn in the case it gets fully used we as a country have the potential to benefit hugely from this.

    Seems to be good news overall. I’m not a fan I all this propping up of private companies but if it’s going to happen, as Europe seems to want it to, then at least the burden will be shared and weighted on the various countries in a much more fair and inclusive way.

    Good stuff.

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    Mute Paul McGovern
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:14 AM

    Can I ask a dumb question?

    This new deal in Europe. I see how it helps Spain – there are private banks there that need bailing out. The state don’t want to take on the debt that is necessary to recapitalise them so they have successfully gotten the ESM/EFSF to do it instead. Great for Spain.

    This arrangement will now retrospectively apply for us – so the promissory note will be torn up and Anglo etc will be refinanced from the ESM rather than via money our Central Bank printed and were going to recoup and tear up over the next 20 years.

    Here’s my question. As we own Anglo and AIB how does this really change things for us?Ultimately the state still owes all the money – for Spain it means that the banks remain prviate and are being directly funded by Europe. For us they’re still just another arm of the state so regardless of how they get their funding, it’s still owed by us as a country.

    We will have to agree with Europe to remove the bank guarantee and leave ESM on the hook for the debts or “sell” Anglo and AIB to ESM for it to be of any benefit I would have thought? Or am I missing the point?

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    Mute hjGfIgAq
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:20 AM

    Good question. Realistically the advantage is that it provides an opportunity for a blank canvas in terms of when we have to make our repayments. The annual €3.06bn repayment for the promissory notes could be replaced with something more more manageable, with smaller repayments spread over a far longer time.

    While the government (as the owner) is still on the hook, the fact that the banks themselves would owe the money means that it could also be easier to spin those banks off and sell them back into private hands. Nobody would buy AIB if they were taking on an institution that was still tied at the limb to the Irish government in terms of money flowing in and out, but they might buy it if it’s dealing with a direct European authority which, to all intents, would be acting no differently than a central bank.

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    Mute Paul McGovern
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:32 AM

    So it’s as I thought. For now this is just a balance sheet/accounting change from an Irish perspective. Cue the next epic topic of discussion for the next 18 months. Can we get ESM to take on the banking debt?The answer to that is likely to be dependent on how much trouble Spain and Italy (and Greece) are in this time next year. The more trouble they’re in, the better off we are unfortunately.

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    Mute David Widdis
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    Jun 29th 2012, 11:41 AM

    There is no such thing as a dumb / stupid question. However there are plenty of stupid / ludicrous answers.
    (Not referring to the answers to your question)

    It is astonishing how often the essential fundamental obvious necessary question is not asked

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    Mute Ciaran De Buitlear
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:02 AM

    So basically we (the increasingly rare Irish taxpayers) are still on the hook for the cash beacuse we didn’t get “the Spanish deal” at the time! We might be able to restructure the loans though. This is a bit of a step forward but really nothing significant. We still have to pay it all back. There is nothing equitable about this kind of deal. If we originally got the same deal as Spain then the state would not have recapitalized the banks and we would not have the sovereign debt. Based on your analysis here Ireland will be further punished (as compared to Spain) for having being good Europeans and doing what we were told to do by the European powers.

    It should be possible (and the only fair deal) to put us in roughly the situation we would be in now if we had received “the Spanish deal” at the time of the guarantee. Let’s not confuse actual sovereign debt incurred to run the country with that incurred bailing out the banks. Of course the former is our debt.

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    Mute mturner3636
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:56 AM

    Yeah, this is still bull.

    The money printed out of thin air is still lent to us at interest. Since we cannot print our own money, the interest will never be paid off, as it wont exist in the first place.

    This isnt a deal as the tax payer is still “on the hook” nonsense.

    Fiscal union, the rothschilds win and conquer europe without dropping a bomb or firing a single bullet.
    Everything else is just baseless rhetoric and goal posts that constantly move.

    As Mayer Amschel Rothschild said:
    “Give me control over a nation’s currency and I don’t care who makes the laws.”

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    Mute Don Booker
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    Jun 29th 2012, 12:20 PM

    Nice to see some leaders standing up for their national interests. Kudos all round to Spain and Italy and France.

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    Mute John Murphy
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    Jun 29th 2012, 11:35 AM

    Ireland amounts to nothing more in the overall Euro Zone economic outlook than an offshore nuclear testing atoll or a kind of test lab located way down the corridor from the office where the experiments are devised. When the rot was getting out of hand in the more important bigger economies then something was done. If there is anything we can learn from this it’s that the Euro Zone/EU is not a community of equals, it’s a community where the forces of market economics outweigh the niceties and well meaning policies of post war integration and smaller countries isolated by location and economy of scale are reduced to sycophantic, begging bowl approaches answered only in the interest of keeping the experimental lab rat living to complete the observations and devise the next strategy and approach. The new deal fits hand in glove for Italy, Spain but the Irish landscape littered with the fall out of the disastrous bank guarantee/bailout and the toxic combination of the NTMA/NAMA where the citizen of the state is lumbered with the results of the corruption and mismanagement of our banking, political, and corporate management structures.

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    Mute John Murphy
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    Jun 29th 2012, 11:38 AM

    …is completely another story.

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    Mute Niamh Byrne
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    Jun 29th 2012, 2:41 PM

    Could not agree wit you more. I find it hugely worrying that people are willing to accept that this change in policy is only possible because of the economic size of Italy and Spain. What started off as a group of countries looking to trade on equal terms has become a conglomerate of the four larger economies and the rest are just tagging along. What happened to solidarity and equal partnership? I expect that I should be treated as equal to my counterpart in Berlin as to my fellow European in Athens, but no, this has just proved that in Europe all are equal but some are more equal than others.
    With regard to it being necessary for the bank to return our money-pigs will fly that day or I shall eat my hat.

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    Mute EJ Butler
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:42 AM

    All smoke and mirrors in my opinion. The money is still only going to be printed for the purpose of band bank debts. And someone is still going to have to pay it back somewhere. These same banks will be useless unless they have huge debt write offs applied to them. Cue the Irish tax payer. Why do I get the feeling that the money we’ve (the taxpayers) poured into the banks will be the money written off. We, the people, will have been relieved of tens of billions for nothing only corporate profit. So in essence money will be printed to make bankers wealthy again just after the public coffers have been emptied and still not one banker has been held to account. Remember people, banks, unlike every other private enterprise, never go bust. Some scam if you can get away with it.

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    Mute Catherine Hayward
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    Jun 29th 2012, 1:44 PM

    After listening to our minister for finance, I dont get the feeling we should celebrate just yet, seemingly the deal is a great breakthrough for the Country LONG TERM, we are still facing a woeful budget….

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    Mute Gis Bayertz
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    Jun 29th 2012, 1:05 PM

    Thank you Gavan, that was needed!

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    Mute Tim Jackson
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    Jun 29th 2012, 3:15 PM

    Still a bankrupt slave.

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    Mute Eamonn Lawlor
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    Jun 29th 2012, 5:04 PM

    16 years? Jaysus.

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    Mute sean finn
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    Jun 29th 2012, 10:15 AM

    i dunno is allowing private banks access to public funds ever a good idea. i no its not the case in ireland as theyre mosts nationalised or part nationalised, but a lot in europe aren’t

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    Mute Desmond O'Toole
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    Jun 29th 2012, 11:28 AM

    That’s a good point and is why the funds can only be accessed in this way when a European banking union is established, particularly after a European banking regulator is set up.

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    Mute Tigerisinthezoo
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    Jun 29th 2012, 7:02 PM

    To me nothing has changed. The debts/loans have been extended over a longer timeframe so our children and grandchildren will be repaying these debts in 50 years time. Clearly Germany and Merkel (eyeing her re-election in 2014) have won out. No money will be printed to wipe out debts. I saw a headline that a stimulus package has been agreed. This is needed but again it is more long term debt. A 2 year credit union loan has been extended to 10 years.

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    Mute Grace Hill
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    Sep 8th 2012, 2:38 PM

    what about the 10 bilion is it we have to contribute to bailout fund

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