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Pope Francis hosts general audience in Vatican City on 2 Sep, 2015. Alamy Stock Photo

Progressive versus traditionalist? The polarising issues that will define the next pope

From LGBTQ+ rights to climate change, where the Pope, Vatican and the Church stand on the issues.

FOLLOWING THE DEATH of Pope Francis yesterday, there is inevitable speculation about who will follow in his footsteps and what issues will be important to the next pope. 

However, only time, and the conclave will tell if the next pope will build on Francis’s more progressive agenda, or represent a return to more traditionalist values. 

The late Pope Francis was outspoken about an array of issues, from abortion and LGBTQ+ rights, to climate change and immigration.

Issues facing the church

Electing a new pope can be as much a political balancing act, determining who will champion the issues relevant to the church, as it is a spiritual exercise.

The divide is generally between that of progressive, or liberal, and traditionalist, or conservative.

Progressives/liberals would favour reforms to the church’s attitude toward cultural and social issues. While traditionalists/conservatives would oppose those reforms in favour of creating even stricter norms or maintaining the status quo.  

Some of the issues facing the Catholic Church upon which their leaning will be judged include climate change, migration, abortion, and LGBTQ+ rights.

Other issues, such as dealing with clerical sex abuse are also seen as an important barometer of a pope’s outlook.  

Colm O’Gorman said that Pope Francis’s handling of the scandal was “disappointing,” despite an “enormous respect” for the late Pope.

Below are a few of the issue areas which may affect the next pope, and Pope Francis’s legacy in these issues. 

Climate change

There is a moral imperative to address climate change and take action, according to the Catholic Church.

Pope Francis wrote an encyclical, Laudato Si, which recognised climate change as a global problem with significant consequences, especially for the global poor. During his papacy, he declared the science is clear, and there is a moral imperative to take action.

More traditionalist priests are likely to may maintain the moral imperative to care for all of God’s creation, though they may not see the same urgency to address the issue.

Migration 

The Catholic Church would view migration as recognising the inherent dignity of every person, and addressing the root causes that lead to migration.

A top priority for Pope Francis was to advocate for vulnerable migrants. He denounced the border initiatives from US president Donald Trump, and brought asylum-seekers to the Vatican with him from overcrowded island camps.

He visited and prayed at places where people perished crossing borders.

A more traditionalist pope may emphasise the importance of national sovereignty and cultural identity while also recognising the inherent dignity of every human being.

LGBTQ+ 

Pope Francis arguably did more for LGBTQ+ issues than any other pope in history, according to a prominent US priest.

He moved away from the stigmatising language that the Vatican has used in the past around LGBTQ+ people. He also formally signed off on allowing Catholic priests to bless same-sex couples in December 2023. 

Pope Francis also called for the Church to apologise for the harm it has caused to the LGBTQ+ community, and said: “We Christians have to apologise for so many things, not just for this [treatment of gay people], but we must ask for forgiveness, not just apologise.”

It’s not clear if a more traditionalist pope could resend the actions taken by Pope Francis, but the next pope may not continue in the same direction and make as many progressive moves. 

Abortion

The Catholic Church views abortion as gravely wrong, and the late pope was consistent with the Church’s view, maintaining that abortion is “murder” and a “grave sin.”

Though he granted priests the right to forgive an abortion in 2015.

He was also against surrogacy, calling it “deplorable”, as he sees it as an “exploitation of women” and “objectification of children.

Women in the church

Other issues, like women’s rights in the church were left largely unaddressed by the late pope.

In a statement yesterday following the Pope’s death, the Catholic Women’s Ordination said: “[Pope Francis] was not afraid to enter the political arena where he saw injustice.”

The organisation added that it was “extraordinary” that his “revolutionary thinking” did not extend to women. “Women seeking sacramental ordination in the Catholic Church have been rejected,” it said.

Though Pope Francis also appointed more women than ever before to top Vatican positions.

Despite the advancements, the church’s male-dominated structure remains intact, and women’s ordination continues to be off the table. 

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    Mute John Farrell
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    Mar 21st 2014, 5:04 PM

    The Celtic Tiger never existed. It was all smoke and mirrors. All the wealth was based on credit.

    119
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    Mute John S
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    Mar 21st 2014, 5:33 PM

    And good riddance, may we never see a’boom’ based on credit again.

    69
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    Mute TK Maxx To Castlebar
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    Mar 21st 2014, 5:11 PM

    We will soon rise from the ashes and welcome the Celtic Phoenix!!!!

    65
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    Mute Dermot O Dwyer
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    Mar 21st 2014, 4:48 PM

    The Celtic Tiger is extinct.
    He was killed,Eaten and his coat sold to feed a poor family in the mid west in early Spring 2009…

    58
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    Mute GATHERINGYOURMONEY14
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    Mar 21st 2014, 7:33 PM

    The Celtic Tiger?
    The Celtic Ponzi Scheme Creature more like.
    A very special Ponzi Scheme where the heinous culprits/villians get rewards, protection and media immunity as their victims are screwed to death.

    25
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    Mute Jason Bourne
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    Mar 21st 2014, 7:57 PM

    Exactly. I said the same thing to my Business Studies teacher and to my ‘European Studies’ teacher in transition year. They looked at me like I had just told them I had broke into their houses and pissed on their kids.

    True story.

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    Mute Dave cullen
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    Mar 21st 2014, 4:51 PM

    From the celtic tiger to the celtic thieves led by edna and co.

    50
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    Mute Farbin
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    Mar 21st 2014, 4:58 PM

    That is the most embarassing phrase in the irish lexicon, and of course there will be some rubbish about a Phoenix or a Celtic tiger revival in the near future. Anything to make us feel good about ourselves

    46
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    Mute Declan Gartlan
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    Mar 21st 2014, 7:36 PM

    It’s was the best thing that ever happened to this country 50 years of progress in 10 to spite all it’s faults roll on the Celtic phoenix coming quicker than ye think

    25
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    Mute Grainne McConville Hennessy
    Favourite Grainne McConville Hennessy
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    Mar 21st 2014, 7:19 PM

    And now it’s in its way back and everyone is getting greedy again…. House prices rents and costs in general have increased. …. what have we learned ???????, nothing it seems !!

    24
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    Mute Peter M Buchanan
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    Mar 21st 2014, 5:12 PM

    Don’t worry, she will be back. Circa 2018

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    Mute seamus mcdermott
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    Mar 22nd 2014, 12:47 PM

    I have a bridge I want to sell you in New York.

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    Mute Tony
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    Mar 21st 2014, 4:56 PM

    He only resigned now, wow?

    19
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    Mute Dermot O'Reilly
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    Mar 21st 2014, 11:09 PM

    We now have the “Austerity Tiger” tearing the lives of Irish Families apart!

    Our elected politicians destroyed Ireland and its people.

    Each man women and child has a debt of €100,000 each due to a Government decree whereby ” unsecured Bondholders” mainly German Banks lent money to Irish Banks for commercial gain.

    Merkel forced Fianna Fáil to transfer the unsecured Bondholders to the Irish a Taxpayers . We therefore repaid German Banks in full!

    Germany makes a surplus of €41billion PA from the rest of Europe while the rest of Europe has an annual deficit of €37 Billion!

    Germany now owns Ireland and Irish Citizens are suffering from austerity even poverty!

    The Government should have left the Euro and devalued hence boosting exports and creating many new jobs!

    15
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    Mute TK Maxx To Castlebar
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    Mar 21st 2014, 5:13 PM

    Soon we will rise from the ashes and welcome the Celtic Phoenix!!!

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    Mute Neal Ireland Hello.
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    Mar 21st 2014, 6:02 PM

    Today FM will buy it, sack everybody and rebrand it CTFM.

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    Mute seamus mcdermott
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    Mar 22nd 2014, 12:48 PM

    Today it is the Celtic Crater.

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    Mute Dylan Neary
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    Mar 21st 2014, 10:36 PM

    Boring

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