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Cattle image via Shutterstock

Almost 3,000 live cattle to be exported to Libya tomorrow

Animal rights groups have criticised the export but the department said it enforces a strict system of transport rules.

EXPORTERS WERE TODAY assembling some 2,900 cattle for the first live export to Libya in over a decade. The vessel will travel with the young bulls is expected to travel tomorrow from Waterford Port to Tripoli but could leave late tonight.

The ship had its final inspection yesterday and the Department of Agriculture said representatives are present at the locations where cattle are being assembled and checked prior to travelling to the boat. The department will also supervise the final loading, check stocking density and ventilation.

Animal rights groups have hit out at the plan with the Alliance for Animal Rights (AFAR) saying that when the cattle arrive in Libya they will be subject to “a host of new and frightening environments”.

“Unloading in overseas ports is stressful, with cattle forced to endure many new and/or frightening factors including; extremes of temperature, handling, noises, smells, and painful practices (e.g., tail-twisting, beating),” the group said. “Animals may be separated from their herd and will face these situations alone, often bellowing for their fellow herd members.”

In response to concern expressed for the animals, the department said:

The Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine enforces a strict system of transport rules in respect of both national and international journeys. The current Irish regulation in relation to the approval of ships for livestock transport sets a higher standard than that which applies in other EU Member States and this is justified not only on sound animal welfare reasons but also because it reflects the nature of the shipping routes from this island.

AFAR and Vegan Ireland will gather in Waterford Port for a candle-lit vigil in protest at the live export this evening.

Read: Animal rights groups condemn ‘brutal attack’ on fox in Laois>
Read: 13 endangered Borneo elephants found dead in one month>

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177 Comments
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    Mute john cleary
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:17 PM

    A candlelight vigil?
    Are they having a laugh?

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    Mute Liam Byrne
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:26 PM

    They must be John. A flipping vigil… WTF

    132
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    Mute Pádraig O'hEidhin
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:55 PM

    tree huggers

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    Mute Joe OShea
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:38 PM

    It’s like a cattle holocaust. Those crusties have been smoking too much weed again.

    66
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    Mute fabio entwhistle
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:41 PM

    This is udderly ridiculous!!…hehe

    57
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:46 PM

    Extremists do extreme things

    47
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    Mute Joe_Mahoney
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:47 PM

    If it isn’t a drum workshop then it isn’t effective.

    While I jest and think this is good news for the country. I have to admire the people out protesting in advocacy of their beliefs as well.

    They are doing, so well done to them. I’m off to cook a steak.

    33
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    Mute Boy Russell
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:04 PM

    I am a Vegetarian, though not an activist for animal rights. Does this make me a tree hugger?
    I am vegetarian by choice as I don’t trust eating something that had a blood stream once upon a time. I also have sympathy for these animals. I was 13 in 1996 when the BSE scandal ripped through Ireland & The British isles, followed by Foot & Mouth 4 years later, and now the ‘horse-meat’ scandals that all these everyday pet owners see as a joke!
    If people watched the programme on Channel 4 last night on Dispatches, they would actually think twice about eating their ‘tasty murder’
    We have rogue gamers and traders working in abattoirs here you know!?!

    If people want to have a ‘candlelit vigil’ then let them – We all need something to believe in, though not to be stereotyped!

    70
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    Mute boildyeggs
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:08 PM

    Are these the same activists who released mink into the Irish ecosystem, an invasive species not native to Ireland that have a serious detrimental effect on our own native birds. Good one lads, now back into your holes in the ground and practice your facial hair growing.

    79
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    Mute joe power
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:31 PM

    This country is fecked altogether even the cattle are starting emigrate

    183
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    Mute tom
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:27 PM

    Has to be the comment of the week :)

    25
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    Mute pjryan
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    Feb 27th 2013, 10:41 PM

    Comment of 2013 , brilliant

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    Mute Ian Jennings
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:19 PM

    Christ there are some people in this country with very little to do.

    169
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    Mute fabio entwhistle
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:01 PM

    Yes, you’re absolutely correct ian! Hopefully they get chaperoned onto the boat to Libya aswell

    44
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    Mute Paul
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:16 PM

    Bovine beef going out and equine beef coming back I’ve no doubt

    148
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    Mute Simon Blake
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:37 PM

    I find it personally bemusing why so many people are indifferent to the suffering of animals. I eat meat and I’m not a tree hugger but I think its a sign of basic humanity not to want to see any animal suffer unnecessarily – this it seems is all the animal rights activists are looking for. It’s unsurprising there is so much cruelty to domestic animals in Ireland when you see the views of what I would describe educated readers. Shame..

    129
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    Mute Jason Culligan
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:43 PM

    As another commenter stated, we have one of if not the most strict regulations when it comes to the transportation of live animals to other countries. They are preaching in the completely wrong nation on the wrong topic.

    63
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:00 PM

    Groups like the DSPCA Simon, I’d have a lot of time for. They actually put the work in and shovel the poop as needed. And nobody’s a supporter of animal cruelty – not to mention that it’s a crime in Ireland.

    It’s the animal rights extremists that make me laugh – a group of people who quite often don’t know very much about the animals whose rights they’re so worried about, and who resort to bullying and worse instead of volunteering at the DSPCA and doing useful work.

    I don’t see how anyone could have anything but amused contempt for people who do things like this: http://www.animalliberationfront.com/ALFront/Actions-Ireland/BitebackReports2008.htm

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    Mute Simon Blake
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:19 PM

    @ Mark – interesting reading – I’ve no problem with the Circus and the Hunt club – the rest is a little severe

    6
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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:46 PM

    You’ve no problem with criminal damage?
    And the description of the killing of animals as “murder”?

    “An unattended jeep had it’s front tyre slashed, and the word ‘s_c_u m’ scratched deep into the paintwork on the bonnet.
    These murderers have gotten away with what they’ve done for far too long – and this was just a token gesture to give them a taste of what’s to come.
    Until all are free,”

    30
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    Mute Catherine Bleahen
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:51 PM

    @ Mark Dennehy – that link you posted is downright scary! Liberating mink, so they can die of starvation in the cold, unable to hunt? Vandalising people’s property and threatening to go to their home and do more of the same if they don’t stop? Come across as nasty bullies, hiding behind masks and trying to intimidate people. Thanks for sharing the link!

    42
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:59 PM

    The mink didn’t die of starvation in the cold Catherine!
    Mink are pretty unpleasant little things, being rather vicious and effective predators – they began decimating the local wildlife and every hunter in the area had to try to cull as many of them as was possible, but an enormous amount of damage was still done to local fish and animal populations. It’s always a disruptive idea to introduce a species to an established ecosystem, but this was a particularly bad example. Even today, they’re still cleaning up that mess…

    47
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:03 PM

    @Mark WOW, thanks for that link, never realised how far these Animal Rights Extremists go to, I presume the Gardai are keeping a close eye on them.

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    Mute Linda Carroll
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    Feb 21st 2013, 12:00 AM

    I agree with the above sentiments and think that it shows compassion.
    I think that if more people, who eat meat, were to express such feelings it would demonstrate a morally aware humanity. It is refreshing and encouraging to read these views. The commentator, unlike so many dismissive people, does not employ sarcasm to belittle those who are vegetarians/vegans.

    6
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    Mute Yuba Bill
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    Feb 21st 2013, 2:14 PM

    Sheez……That Animal Liberation Front is pretty serious.

    18
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:16 PM

    AFAR saying that when the cattle arrive in Libya they will be subject to “a host of new and frightening environments”.

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    Mute Leonard Washington
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:24 PM

    Meanwhile Britain sends a frigate full of weapons there to try flog them onto a country who is the middle of a violent regime change. You stay classy Britain

    56
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    Mute Ruairi O' Sullivan
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:42 PM

    Are the cattle dairy or meat, or both?

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    Mute john stone
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:47 PM

    They’re animals duh

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    Mute John Considine
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    Feb 21st 2013, 1:56 PM

    It says they’re young bulls. That pretty much rules out dairy.

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    Mute Shane King
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:43 PM

    A clown on the local radio said waterford will be known world wide as a slaughter port

    107
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    Mute Bilbo Baggins
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:49 PM

    Lol, he musn’t have read the live cattle part so..

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    Mute Anthony Cole
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:57 PM

    Slaughterford

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    Mute Pierce2020
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:19 PM

    On a side note there is an area in Turkey which is famous for it’s beef cattle, a similar Russian ship capsized in the 70′s all the cattle got to shore.

    93
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:58 PM

    God these Animal Rights Extremists have very little to do, great to see the cattle trade back

    89
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    Mute Linda Carroll
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    Feb 21st 2013, 12:29 AM

    I never thought of them as Extremists. I think that they are ethically motivated. I’m sure that they have plenty to do and applaud them for giving their time and consideration to such important issues as suffering. It would be a humane world indeed if more people were as aware as these committed individuals.

    18
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    Mute _doesnotcompute
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:50 PM

    Makes a change from the Libyans shippings arms over here, I suppose

    86
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:03 PM

    They send arms, we send legs….

    84
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    Mute Joe_Mahoney
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:03 PM

    They helped us when we needed it, now we are helping them.

    18
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    Mute rodrigo detriano
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:16 PM

    Is this like a straight swap for a few horses then?

    68
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    Mute Laurence
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:24 PM

    Whatever about transportation standards the cruel way the animals will eventually be slaughtered is a good enough reason to prohibit live animal exports to middle eastern countries.

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:30 PM

    Why? If they stay here, they’ll be slaughtered too.

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    Mute Deirdre Mac Mahon
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    Feb 19th 2013, 9:14 PM

    At least in Ireland you might expect the animals to be stunned before slaughter. Not have their throats cut while sentient and suspended in the air by one hind leg to facilitate bleeding out
    Hate halal and have stopped eating meat in France where I live because 70% of animals and poultry are killed according to halal rituals

    29
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    Mute GerSlattery
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:30 PM

    Surprised and dismayed at the degree of arrogant cynicism being displayed here.

    52
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    Mute Deirdre Mac Mahon
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    Feb 19th 2013, 9:16 PM

    Couldn’t agree more

    14
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    Mute Mjhint
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:11 PM

    We have some of the highest animal transport regulations in the world. Every animal transport vehicle that enters Ireland to transport animals out has to abide by Irish rules much to the frustration of these transport providers. Let these animal rights groups go to Spain,Italy,Greece, Russia & report about what they see there. We cant be any better than the best which is the standard we set here.

    49
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    Mute Barry McSweeney
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:12 PM

    Are you having a laugh?
    I would not believe a word from the Department of Agriculture or any other Irish food agency after the horsemeat scandal. Producer profits are its main concern: Animal welfare, consumer protection etc. are well down their list of concerns.

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:28 PM

    Are you having a laugh, Barry?

    Who do you think found the horse in the burgers?

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    Mute Mjhint
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    Feb 19th 2013, 7:16 PM

    Barry have you ever worked in this industry. I dont need to believe it I had to comply with it & it was a pain in the b#ll#x. Its the highest standard in the world.

    29
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    Mute Adrian Mitchell
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:50 PM

    You know this really galls me, the Department of agriculture enforce strict guide lines for the transportation of animals internationally. They have allowed us all to eat horse for gods knows how long. While their making sure that sheep, pigs, and cattle travel safely, unharmed, unstressed and handled correctly. Other departments, allow waste collectors, throughout Ireland deliver food products for human consumption into restaurants, hotels, bars, and industrial canteens, from their waste vehicles. Their waste collection, drivers transferring bacteria all over the place. This country is for the birds, bad so are the people that run it.

    41
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    Mute Pidge
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:28 PM

    Just for the author, maybe you should include what AFAR is? Acroynym never explained.

    41
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:26 PM

    Would Dr. Yates care to distance himself from these comparisons or does he too agree

    37
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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 8:38 PM

    Hi John. As you’ll see, I have given my reasons for why I do not myself use the holocaust comparison.

    I have shown that some do defend it – including many Jews who can be regard in terms of the following categories – holocaust survivors, holocaust escapers, and holocaust-related.

    I’m not sure I’m comfortable with these categories which, as you can see, arose in discourse with Mark Dennehy – I seriously doubt that people who have experiences of the Holocaust will be impressed by others with no such experience debating whether they ~survived~ the murderous brutality or merely ~escaped~ it.

    13
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 21st 2013, 11:10 PM

    Indeed, I’m also confident holocaust victims wouldn’t appreciate Animal Rights Extremists and some Extremist elements of the Vegan movement comparing them to a boat sailing on the sea with cattle aboard in order to further their own cause, I’m sure you’ll agree with me.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 12:08 AM

    John, Your confidence would be misplaced at least in relation to ~some~ holocaust survivors. As we see, some such survivors would not be upset by the comparison – and they would make it themselves.

    I am not sure whether research has been done on this issue but it is certain that not ~all~ holocaust victims will have the view that you ascribe to them.

    Perhaps when one has gone through something terrible oneself it is easier to sympathise with others going through something terrible?

    13
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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 1:10 AM

    So Dr. Yates, you are assuming that if a Holocaust Victim is also an Animal Rights Extremist they will draw a moral correlation between the killing of animals for food and genocide.

    Therefore would I be mistaken that you would advocate life imprisonment for someone who kills an animal or if capital punishment were available, the death penalty for premeditated killing of animal?

    27
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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 10:58 AM

    John, I am clearly not assuming anything. I have reported on Jewish people who it is claimed make the holocaust comparison themselves – they are obviously not offended by it, or at least think there is some utility in it – they have been through hell and they can see and empathise when others are sent through hell too.

    May I remind you of one who still has his concentration camp tattoo, saw his mother and a sister taken off to gas chambers, THEN was experimented on himself (along with another sister – his twin) by Dr. Mengele.

    I doubt, however, that he would label himself as extremists – that is your rather impoverished view of them.

    I would think he would see himself as someone who can empathise with others who are suffering and make a comparison beyond the species barrier.

    Would I advocate imprisonment for the killers of other animals, and endorse the death penalty? My ideal would be to help bring about a societal culture in which all would empathise beyond the species barrier and, therefore, not want to kill another animal (unless in self defence of course).

    I am not a great advocate of legislative moves as I believe cultural transformation through education is the key to bringing about a less violent society. However, as with humans who are violent to other humans, and who will not stop being violent to other humans, then something would have to be done.

    I am not in favour of the death penalty.

    13
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    Mute Neville Sayers
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:12 PM

    Does Libya, a Muslim country slaughter their cattle the Halal way…which involves no stunning…to render the poor animal unconscious…prior to slitting his throat ??????????????????
    You never mentioned this author….this was very much overlooked in your article ….god help these ppoor creatures. :-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(:-(

    34
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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:18 PM

    Sorry to break this to you, Neville, but Halal slaughter happens a lot in Ireland.

    E.g. look up West Halal Foods in Ballyhaunis.

    31
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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:21 PM

    Sorry, that’s a grocers! But there’s a Halal meat processing factory in Ballyhaunis…first google result isn’t always the right one!!

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    Mute Bilbo Baggins
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:29 PM

    A lot of slaughter houses slaughter to halal standards for export to the middle east.

    16
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:01 PM

    Doesn’t halal require that the animal not see the knife, not be aware it’s about to be slaughtered, and to be killed quickly and as humanely as possible, with the major blood vessels in the neck cleanly severed in one quick cut? And aren’t the rules for Dhabihah almost exactly the same as for Shechita (the kosher equivalent)?

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    Mute Deirdre Mac Mahon
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    Feb 19th 2013, 9:52 PM

    Yeah mark explain that to an animal suspended from a chain by its back leg beside other animals that have hurt been killed
    Wake up

    25
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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 11:04 PM

    And weren’t there EEG-based studies done in Germany that showed the animals didn’t suffer pain, presumably because the sudden major blood loss and drop in carotid blood pressure starves the brain of oxygen rapidly enough to prevent suffering?

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 11:16 PM

    BTW – suspended by a chain surrounded by other animals? Doesn’t sound like you’re talking about dhabihah there. Wikipedia to the rescue….

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    Mute Eamonn Comerford
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:12 PM

    It’s terrible to think that 2500 live cattle are being shipped to Libya I have only 5 steaks left in my freezer

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    Mute fabio entwhistle
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:39 PM

    Mooove along nothing to worry about here! (ahh so cringe had to be done!)

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    Mute Rachel Pilkington
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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:14 AM

    How can this horrific journey be deemed ethical or acceptable to us (as conscious, educated beings) on any level??

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:26 AM

    Pretty easily.

    Meat is tasty and good for you
    + Halal has been shown from scientific testing to be less traumatic than captive bolt slaughter
    + Humane transport arrangements with on-board supervision and inspection by Department of Agriculture inspectors from port of origin to port of destination
    + Much needed trade in an economic depression
    + The inevitability of the slaughter of food animals
    = Justified as both ethical and acceptable, and found to be desirable.

    Frankly, if a candlelight vigil from the people’s front of judea is the sole drawback to this, I’d almost buy them the candles myself…

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 20th 2013, 7:50 PM

    Hi Mark. You mention research that suggests that “halal slaughter” may be less traumatic than the captive bolt method, which is notorious for not rendering other animals insensitive to pain. The research evidence – and certainly the claims-making on the issue – is mixed, as I mentioned in a recent interview – http://animalrightsireland.blogspot.ie/2013/02/vegan-ireland-on-tipp-fm-5th-feb-2013.html

    In the interview your referred to early (RTE’s Morning Ireland with Bernie Wright and John Bryan), the latter was rather ambiguous about whether Dept of Ag personnel would be present on board for every sailing. Such monitoring may well be problematic anyway. For example, in a different context, a scientific advisor for an anti-vivisection group who was formally a lab tech claimed that inspectors employed to oversee animal experimentation would not enter laboratory animal houses because they did not want to get hairs on their suits.

    Who is going to oversee the plight of almost 3000 “cattle,” especially when seas are rough? I have no faith in such a system.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 20th 2013, 8:42 PM

    Roger, you’re making rather defamatory statements there – that’s the professional reputation of Department of Agriculture personnel you’re making implications about, after all. It might be best to contact the Department for an official statement on the matter.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 20th 2013, 9:38 PM

    Mark. You would give credence to an official statement?

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 20th 2013, 9:45 PM

    Roger, you’d give less credence to an official statement from the Department than to hearsay from a third party regarding the professional conduct of an inspector (who won’t, don’t forget, be some elected official, but a trained and qualified professional)?

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 20th 2013, 10:01 PM

    Hi Mark – I wasn’t really comparing the two to be honest. The third party reference was in relation to Mr. Crabtree, not this. The account of the (British) government laboratory inspectors was first hand. One could say that someone now an opponent of an industry one once was part of might lead to hyperbole and lies – but that is the charge against all whistle-blowers, is it not?

    btw – I have now been informed that Sean Crabtree was jailed in the 1980s – but it was unconnected with anything I was involved in.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:00 PM

    It would seem Roger, that the link stems from Keith Mann’s book. Factual error from the head of the Animal Liberation Movement. How odd.

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    Mute Neville Sayers
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:23 PM

    Since it what it boils down to Michelle is money over Halal animal cruelty …. Di you agree Michelle? its all very much fine having good transport conditions. But look what awaits them…….Halal cruelty …Halal cruelty Halal cruelty Halal is inhumane

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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:02 PM

    Doesn’t halal require that the animal not see the knife, not be aware it’s about to be slaughtered, and to be killed quickly and as humanely as possible, with the major blood vessels in the neck cleanly severed in one quick cut? And aren’t the rules for Dhabihah almost exactly the same as for Shechita (the kosher equivalent)?

    And weren’t there EEG-based studies done in Germany that showed the animals didn’t suffer pain, presumably because the sudden major blood loss and drop in carotid blood pressure starves the brain of oxygen rapidly enough to prevent suffering?

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    Mute Linda Carroll
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    Feb 21st 2013, 12:16 AM

    It would be a good world if a higher ETHIC informed the way we treat animals. It is a pity that religions could not lead the way in this vital issue. All sentient creatures feel pain and fear. I have seen animals in a frenzy of terror.
    They have no voice. Religions, ideally, ought to have the greatest understanding of suffering. and promote compassion and empathy.
    It seems that Buddhism leads the world in this most laudable and inclusive comprehension. The complexity of our inter-relationships with all lifeforms alerts us to the fragility and vulnerability of life.
    An ecology of consciousness is what we need and an understanding of conscience.

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    Mute Sandra Higgins
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    Feb 20th 2013, 10:46 AM

    There wasn’t much to be proud of yesterday as these individual lives were loaded for an experience of undoubted cruelty and a horrific end to their lives. No wonder the RTE cameras were not allowed in to picture the event.

    The Australians had many of the defences of Live Export that we now read from Ireland. The Four Corners report aired by Australian TV was not long in opening the eyes of Australians to the truth of cruelty of Live Export http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2012/11/02/3623727.htm

    There is no way that other animals can give their lives to be our food without suffering enormous cost to themselves.

    In this age, when we are aware that there is no need to include animal products in our diets and when we are aware that breeding animals for food is one of the major causes of climate change, it is staggering to see us attempting to earn a living from such unethical practices as farming, including the horror that is Live Export.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:09 AM

    There is no way that other animals can give their lives to be our food without suffering enormous cost to themselves.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:35 AM

    Mark Dennehy. Everything you have claimed is problematic. The claim that flesh consumption benefitted humans in evolutionary terms is controversial. There are some claims, for example, that the advent of cooking was the key – not eating flesh. In any case, what humanity did or did not do in the past does not alter a present-day moral issue.

    You are wholly incorrect on the food security point. Widespread veganism would mean that we could feed those humans now starving at the rate of many thousands per day. We would not need to put more land under cultivation – quite the opposite, we could free up land if only we ate plants directly and not through other animals first. The conversion rates are very wasteful.

    As for slaughtering all cows – you imagine that they live as free-living beings “out there” somewhere? The reality is that we deliberately breed, often by artificial insemination, the other animals we exploit. Veganism would not increase animal slaughter, it would decrease animal breeding.

    Vegan Ireland Press Office.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:55 AM

    As an ethical vegan I do not view other animals as ‘my meat’ and I do not consume other animals or their products.

    As has been pointed out, your statements about the causality or correlation of our evolution and our intake of food is far from incontrovertible; evidence is appearing, in increasing amounts, that our intake of carbohydrate is correlated with our development, and that we ate relatively few other animals.

    It is far from difficult to eat a healthy vegan diet, or to get adequate protein from plants rather from the killing of other sentient animals. The world dietetics societies do not claim that a vegan diet is healthy at all stages of life from birth through to pregnancy and old age, for nothing. Neither do they state that a vegan diet helps avoid many health problems without empirical evidence to back up those claims (J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Jun;103(6):748-65 J Am Diet Assoc. Volume 109, Issue 7, Pages 1266-1282 (July 2009) http://www.vrg.org/nutrition/2009_ADA_position_paper.pdf).

    There is a plethora of evidence suggesting that the most successful paradigm within which to address climate change is a change to a vegan diet. You will find the relevant scientific data here: http://www.chompingclimatechange.org/read.html

    You are greatly mistaken in your analysis of land use and food distribution and justice. Significantly less resources are used to produce plant based foods than animal foods. Significantly more people can be fed using a plant based diet than an omnivorous diet. A plant based diet causes significantly less damage to the planet.

    There are vegan groups in almost every county in Ireland. I suggest that readers contact them to find out just how easy, healthy, and enjoyable a compassionate life can be. There is no need for Live Export. There is no need for our use of other sentient animals at all.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:57 AM

    Hi Roger.
    First off, the claims over consumption of animal protein are as controversial as the claims that birds are modern-day evolutionary descendants of dinosaurs, or that climate change is real. In other words, there are people who disagree, but the rest of the working world has to be getting on with and so figures that 99% consensus is enough.

    Secondly, yes, if you instituted a massive shift in food production and consumption on a scale that hasn’t ever been seen in human history or prehistory – and I mean a bigger shift than the invention of agriculture ten thousand years ago or the industrialisation of food production in this century – then you could probably produce enough food to feed everyone in the developed world.

    But if you’re not in the developed world, if you don’t have the option of ordering a soy milk latte instead of a cow milk latte, if instead of worrying about animal rights legislation you’re worrying about watching your family starve to death in front of you because you don’t have access to the wide range of seeds and crops you need to maintain health on a vegetarian diet (and I’m not even looking at vegan) — well, then you’re pretty much screwed. Switching an entire planet to vegetarianism, even as a thought experiment, is a pretty heinous example of depraved indifference to human suffering on a scale that dwarfs every war fought in our history put together.

    Also, if we did switch over to that kind of food production, you’d drive up your climate change rate because of the extra amount of nitrates you’d need for fertiliser (sorry, but spreading manure from a pet cow is not going to cut it when you’re trying to produce food on the scale needed to feed seven billion humans). And the current climate change rate is pretty much guaranteeing problems for our kids; your proposal would exacerbate that problem. No thanks.

    And this idea that we’d just stop breeding more cattle if we switched over to vegetarianism instead of immediately slaughtering all the herds, everywhere – billions of animals in one large, twitching, pile of dead flesh – is rather assuming we as humans can stop eating for the natural lifetime of those herds (btw, herds breed – are you volunteering to go put the condom on the bull every time it decides to breed?) which would be around 30 years given the natural lifespan of cattle.

    You know what? I’m going to say no to your proposal, because I don’t think that a choice of either starving the entire human race into extinction or just starving a few billion of them because they were born in the wrong place and then slaughtering every ruminant on the planet in one single period of slaughter the likes of which history has never seen and which would probably poison the land you did it on for a few years with the amount of blood and other waste it would produce.

    I really wish you extremist folks would learn a bit more about what you’re taking about…

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    Feb 20th 2013, 12:06 PM

    we ate relatively few other animals.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 20th 2013, 3:02 PM

    Hi Mark,

    You seem to like throwing this label “extremist” around a fair bit, as well as implying that those who disagree with you are a little, shall we say, dim.

    Veganism stands for a less violent world, a more just world, and a world in which there is a lot less human-made suffering. It is a philosophy and not merely a diet, and it does call for a paradigm shift in both our thinking and our behaviour. There are some utopian elements to it, but that’s no bad thing. If that’s “extremism,” then I’ll happily wear the tag.

    You suggest that we need to get our facts straight while presenting fanciful ideas that flout conventional knowledge. Veganism would not cause starvation – quite the reverse if humans have the imagination to devise political and economic systems that would distribute goods where it is needed.

    Veganic agriculture would also require humans thinking outside of the box – there is certainly a need for the development of new technologies and production systems. Human existence on the planet may depend on it.
    However, your dire predictions are way off the mark and I think many will think your apparent defence of human starvation “extreme.”

    Human breed more than 50 billion land animals just to use as food every year. That is a massive population and a huge drain on resources. As the numbers of vegans grow, the demand to keep on reproducing this population of other animals will lessen – no-one expects an overnight revolution in this matter. Incremental change will be the key – not least in terms of moving away from the type of thoughts you seem rather locked in by,

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    Feb 20th 2013, 3:28 PM

    Hi Roger,
    I don’t use the term lightly. But people who’ll do things like this and then claim credit for them in public *should* be called extremists because that’s what they are:
    http://www.animalliberationfront.com/ALFront/Actions-Ireland/BitebackReports2008.htm

    These people aren’t out to promote animal welfare – they’re just vandals.

    Is wikipedia right in saying you were their press officer by the way?
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Yates

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    Mute Sandra Higgins
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    Feb 20th 2013, 8:02 PM

    Mark Dennehy, a vegan diet is considerably cheaper than an omnivorous diet. It would greatly benefit the human and non-human populations of this world if those of us in the Western World who are causing the most suffering ceased causing this suffering by adopting a vegan diet.

    Are you seriously suggesting that cows lack sentience?

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 20th 2013, 8:49 PM

    This is in reply to Mark and others who are in agreement with him:

    Please look at our FAQ leaflet on our Cork Vegans website which will help answer your questions about the feasibility and benefits of a vegan diet for animals, for people and for the planet: http://files.meetup.com/1783289/FAQ.pdf

    There are other leaflets here also – the ‘Why Vegan’ leaflet: http://files.meetup.com/1783289/why-vegan.pdf

    Vegan Recipes: http://files.meetup.com/1783289/why-vegan.pdf

    Guide to Cruelty-free in Cork: http://files.meetup.com/1783289/cruelty-free-guide.pdf

    More FAQ’s here: http://www.vegansociety.com/resources/tricky-questions.aspx

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    Mute Arthuer William Anker
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:36 PM

    Another PETA/ALF tactic.They tried to compare battery farms to the death camps of Auschwitz in one of their more loonier moments…Until they got biatch slapped by the Jewish pressure groups in the USA. Talk about ultimate Chutzpath! Hitler ,the ultimate evil Vegan would have approved no doubt..
    But then again what should we expect from a bunch of lunatics that belive letter bombing and burning down property is a ligitimate form of protest??
    These animal rights lot need some serious mental help with their issues.

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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:06 PM

    PETA will sink to any lows to get their POV across.Until they tried it in Germany and their “holocaust on a plate” campaign ,like most of their looper adverts blew up in their faces.It was ratified by the European Court of Human Rights to be grossly offensive as well,and therefore illegal to use references to the Holocaust and factory farming in Europe.

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    Mute Patrick McConnon
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:32 PM

    How can people debate this issue if the view of one side boils down to insulting the memory of millions of people who died and the many more millions decended from those persecuted by The Nazis. Meat, to some, may be optional but respect for other human beings clearly isn’t

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    Feb 21st 2013, 8:40 PM

    Patrick. Would you say, then, that Holocaust survivors who THEMSELVES make the Holocaust comparison are insulting themselves?

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    Mute Richard Coady
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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:27 PM

    Will they father or gather in Waterford Port? :P

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    Feb 19th 2013, 2:42 PM

    There’ll be no fathering that I’m aware of Richard. Typo now corrected.

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    Mute Pecker Lucy
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    Feb 20th 2013, 4:21 PM

    if we all ate flesh, we would need 3 planets to sustain it, we only have one, If meat eaters want to thrash they right for flesh, then on they conscience be it ,food that is been used to fatten domestic animals, is from countries where there are starving children,

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:09 PM

    You said you wouldn’t trust “Department of Agriculture or any other Irish food agency “…

    The FSAI is another “Irish food agency”.

    Which of course gives rise to the question, if you don’t trust ” any other Irish food agency “, then how do you know they found horse in the burgers? You’re just trusting the FSAI’s word for it.

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    Mute Julieann Sheridan
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    Feb 20th 2013, 10:46 PM

    I find it disgusting that so many people do not care what happens to animals,no wonder our county is the way it is with so many cold hearted people living here .If you ACTUALLY saw what these animals go through,you would change your tune.I am sick to death of this stupid name of “extemists” been given to animal rights activists and the group ALF being brought up constantly,as if all animal rights activists are like that! If you did your research,you would find that there are many Animal Rights Groups that are non violent,I myself am a member of one,we distribute leaflets and hold peaceful demos on many different animal welfare issues ,am I extreme?…If being vegan and opposed to the cruelty inflicted on animals,opposed to humans being superior over another species and using them to eat,wear,use or test on is seen as extreme them I’m comfortable with that,however killing another sentinent being isn’t extreme??,we are not all “tree huggers” or need to “get a life”,we have busy lives,like everyone else, but we also make time for something we care about.What was needed in Waterford was a demo but judging by the hostile negativity shown by a lot of comments here,people wouldn’t be interested,that’s very disheartening and worrying,it’s no wonder we will come nowhere near the level of activism that for example the UK activists come up to,and Ireland is supposed to be a friendly caring country, that makes me laugh, when you see the high level of animal abuse and cruelty that occurs here,we should be ashamed of ourselves!!..thank god for the animal rights activists that do care what happens to our animals,in particular at the moment those poor bulls on their way to Libya right now..

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:10 PM

    sentinent

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    Feb 21st 2013, 1:37 AM

    So you want nothing to do with or be involved with anyone who has used violence in any way Julieann?

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:05 AM

    AFAR (Alliance for Animal Rights) and the Irish Farmer’s Association spoke about the resumed trade on RTE radio this morning.

    http://animalrightsireland.blogspot.ie/2013/02/afar-on-rte-radio-live-exports.html

    Vegan Ireland Press Office.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 11:46 AM

    Mark Dennehy. Your transcription skills are seriously lacking. Bernie Wright did not say what you suggest. She was clearly making the point that the campaigners are not saying that the slaughtering process in Libya will be any worse than what goes on in Irish houses of slaughter.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 12:07 PM

    Oh Roger, are you claiming I said that was a transcription instead of a paraphrasing?
    Tsk, tsk, lad. That’d be bordering on defamation right there…

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    Feb 20th 2013, 12:08 PM

    Bernie Wright sure mixes in nice company, her associate is a convicted fire bomber.

    http://www.thefreelibrary.com/%27I+tell+children+I%27ve+broken+law+but+did+nothing+morally+wrong+..I%27m…-a0219926546

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    Feb 20th 2013, 12:32 PM

    Gosh, Dr. Rogers of UCD you’ve gone awfly quiet there, a bit embarrasing isn’t it

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    Feb 20th 2013, 3:25 PM

    A delay in replying means only that one has a life beyond the web! There are 4 mistakes in the first paragraph of that report cited, that’s how poor this “journalist” is.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 3:30 PM

    Hi Roger,
    That’s a bit worrying that such a report is up there with so many mistakes. How many mistakes are there in your wikipedia entry, is it even worse?
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Yates

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    Feb 20th 2013, 3:41 PM

    Yes, a few mistakes there too. Not even sure if there is a Sean Crabtree, for example. One cannot write on one’s own wikientry, so it can be hard to get things corrected.

    I was press contact for the ALFSG for 8 months. At that time (and probably now), the “organisation” had a non-violence policy, urging members not to do anything that could or world harm animals, human or nonhuman. There were no “fire bombs” involved in my time.

    We are talking early to mid 1980s, so we should move on. The report suggests I am unrepentant – that is not true. I have made it clear in several places, including http://arzone.ning.com/profiles/blogs/transcript-of-roger-yates that there are things I would not do again. Such is life I think you’ll find.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 4:03 PM

    Roger, nothing could be further from the truth, if wikipedia has false information about you on it, that’s legally actionable and you should email them immediately to let them know of the error.

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    Mute Arthuer William Anker
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    Feb 20th 2013, 4:55 PM

    Roger Yates you are another LIAR!!! I suppose “arson around with Auntie Alf” was just a figment of everyones imagination too.
    That manual was used by a breakaway group Earth Liberation front to cause maximum damage to property in the USA.THAT RESTS ON YOU AND YOUR followers heads..
    You were caught and convicted on evidence produced.Part of that was bomb making materials.
    of course thats all lies tooo.You were fitted up went you???Like everyone in jail,everyone is innocent of their crimes arnt they??

    No Rodger we should “not just move on” and Leopards dont change their spots.Given half the opportunity you would be proably shoving “animal abusers” into concentration camps if you could.You are a disgusting hyprocrite and coward.Even the Nazis had the conviction to stick with their belifs until the executioners trap dropped under them.Not forgetting that a Vegan led them as well.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 6:26 PM

    Hi Mark,

    Thanks for your concern. I should read that thing again, closely obviously! – not done so for several years. Someone with an agenda may have altered the entry after all. I have not seen that Sean Crabtree claim until today, for example.

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    Feb 20th 2013, 6:43 PM

    That’s a bit surprising Roger, I mean there’s a report in [i]The Vegan[/i] from Autumn 1989 on page 23 which lists off Sean Crabtree, Ronnie Lee, Geoff Sheppard and Roger Yates as being “detained in Her Majesty’s prisons” : http://issuu.com/vegan_society/docs/the-vegan-autumn-1989

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    Feb 20th 2013, 7:36 PM

    Thanks Mark – you must have a good search engine. I have just spoken to a third party involved in the Sheffield case and they cannot recall a Sean Crabtree either. If he was an “animal rights prisoner,” he had no connection to me it seems.

    On the wider issues, it is worth remembering that some of the most controversial incidents may have been carried out, and claimed to the media, by people wishing to discredit animal activists. A famous case involved a hunter planting a nail bomb on his ~own~ landrover – he was jailed for that.

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    Feb 21st 2013, 10:34 AM

    SENTIENCE:
    It is generally accepted now that other animals share our sentience. This is quite obvious as they share a central nervous system with us that permits them to experience pain and pleasure. They also possess intelligence and awareness; so they do not merely respond instinctually to their environment, including painful stimuli; they are aware of their sensations and take steps to seek pleasure and avoid pain. Science has demonstrated this as incontrovertible fact. What is not established, but evidence continues to support, is just how much of our awareness they do actually share.

    As a result of the most recent scientific evidence on the neurobiological substrates of conscious experience and related behaviors in human and non-human animals, the Declaration on Consciousness in Non-Human Animals was signed, in the presence of Stephen Hawking, at The University of Cambridge in July 2012. It was written by a prominent international group of cognitive neuroscientists, neuropharmacologists, neurophysiologists, neuroanatomists and computational neuroscientists, and concluded we share in common with other animals the neural circuits that support the ability to experience of emotions such as pain and joy, conscious awareness of those feelings, cognitive capacities such as memory, anticipation of the future, individual recognition, and self-recognition. We have far more in common with non-human animals than previously imagined. The neural circuits supporting behavioral/electrophysiological states of attentiveness, sleep and decision making appear to have arisen in evolution as early as the invertebrate radiation, being evident in insects and cephalopod mollusks (e.g., octopus). Bearing in mind the limitations of our human minds studying the minds of other species, human-like levels of consciousness have nevertheless been observed in other species, particularly in birds and mammals. This Declaration places an onus on us to respect the right of non-human animals to life, as they have an interest in continuing their lives. It also places a moral obligation on us to cease exploitation of them.

    Prior to that, in March 2005 a landmark conference “From Darwin to Dawkins: The Science and Implications of Animal Sentience” was held in London. It was the first time a symposium devoted to animal consciousness and intelligence was staged on such a large scale. It featured the following speakers:

    Professor Marion Dawkins, animal behaviourist, Oxford University’s Department of Zoology.
    Professor Irene Pepperberg from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology summarized her work with Alex the grey parrot, who was able to master the rudiments of speech and complex cognitive concepts.
    Professor Marc Bekoff from the University of Colorado spoke about the obvious existence of animal emotions.
    Professor Tom Regan of North Carolina State University discussed the moral rights of animals.

    The Conference presented abundant evidence for animal sentience and shed new light on animal intelligence, and demonstrated a wide range of emotions and sharp intellects in other animals, including farmed animals.
    For example, sheep are far more complex than previously realized, and possess highly developed facial recognition skills for other sheep and for humans. Furthermore, they can differentiate between emotional facial expressions in humans, and express a preference for positive emotional expression. They also demonstrate the ability to form close emotional bonds, not only with their own species but with humans and display behavioural evidence of depression upon separation and enthusiastic greeting upon being reunited, even after a separation of three years (Keith Kendrick, professor of neurobiology at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge, UK).

    It is now known that pigs are not only sentient, but they have highly developed intelligence, far greater than canine intelligence (Dr. Michael Mendl, from Bristol University, UK).

    Lesley Rogers, professor of neuroscience and animal behavior at University of New England in her book The Development of Brain and Behavior in the Chicken, provides evidence that chickens have remarkable cognitive abilities. They possess an extraordinary degree of self-control over food, and are willing to delay gratification if they think a larger portion will be offered later. Psychological studies on humans present evidence that our capacity for delayed self-gratification is much less well developed and indicative of later life difficulties (the Marshmallow Test). Chickens also display sophisticated social behavior and are highly vocal. Chickens are also capable of deliberately manipulating their environment to mould it to their own satisfaction.

    Indeed, the Avian Brain Nomenclature Society was established precisely because we needed a new scientific terminology to accurately describe the avian brain which, has been demonstrated to differ from the primate brain structurally but not functionally.

    There would be no concern about animal welfare, much less animal rights, unless the sentience of other animals were a fact. To suggest otherwise is to fly in the face of the most basic scientific evidence available to us on other animals, including cows. Even organisations such as Compassion in World Farming and TV Programmes such as Jimmy Doherty’s The Private Lives of Cows demonstrated sentience in other animals as undisputed fact. It is not only highly speciesist but highly inaccurate to suggest that we are the only species who have subjective awareness.

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    Feb 21st 2013, 11:08 AM

    Also on the notion of sentience, it is important within this discussion to understand how it is used and defined within the animal advocacy movement.

    The wikiarticle on “sentience” article may be regarded as an introduction to the issue. There is a section entitled, “Animal rights and sentience.” One significant sentence from that is: “In 1997 the concept of animal sentience was written into the basic law of the European Union. The legally-binding protocol annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam recognizes that animals are “sentient beings”…”

    The animal welfare group Compassion in World Farming (CIWF) do a lot of work on animal sentience.

    In terms of the theoretical workers, both Peter Singer (non-rightist) and Gary Francione (rightist) base their philosophies on sentience. Francione writes, “A sentient being is a being who is subjectively aware; a being who has interests; that is, a being who prefers, desires, or wants. Those interests do not have to be anything like human interests. If a being has some kind of mind that can experience frustration or satisfaction of whatever interests that being has, then the being is sentient.”

    Tom Regan, author of The Case for Animal Rights (1983), does not base his position on sentience but on a more complex notion that other animals are “subjects-of-a-life.”

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 1:35 PM

    Also on the notion of sentience, it is important within this discussion to understand how it is used and defined within the animal advocacy movement.

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    Mute Yuba Bill
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    Feb 21st 2013, 2:10 PM

    What a good idea, Mark Dennehy.

    Cattle Rescue.

    +1

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    Mute Yuba Bill
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    Feb 21st 2013, 2:42 PM

    On sentience, higher brain functions, such as abstract thought are known to be performed in the Cerebral Cortex, which envelops the primitive brain like an umbrella.
    Only humans have a Cerebral Cortex.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 3:45 PM

    I think we have found an issue which is going to separate those who want to exploit other animals and those who do not.

    The “animal rights” usage of “sentient” is limited in relation to some definitions of sentience, especially those that almost use the term sentience and sapience interchangeably. However, the usage is not as restricted as you imply, Mark, and the “animal rights” usage is found in standard dictionary definitions.

    Sometimes the term has been used to describe beings who can feel pain AND pleasure – and people like Richard Ryder have concentrated somewhat on the former – hence his concept of “painience.” (His latest work concentrates on speciesism, painism, and happiness). However, as Sandra Higgins stated, even animal welfare legislation suggests that other animals have a wide range of capacities and states associated with being sentient. For example, some welfare legislation allows that other animals can be made anxious, they can be traumatised, psychologically harmed (not just physically harmed), and they can be “terrorised.” Charles Darwin suggested a whole host of emotions in others animals – and the recently emerged scientific disciplines like cognitive ethology are backing him up.

    Now that some humans are looking at other animals not solely in order to exploit and use them, we are finding that they are very complex and intelligent beings with lives that appear to matter to them very much.

    On the brain – this is a difficult area on which to make any substantive claims based on the fact that we know relatively little about even the primate brain. While there are claims that other animals do not have Cerebral Cortex, there are also claims that it is the size of the Cerebral Cortex that is at issue, not that other animals lack it. Moreover, while the CC is associated with “higher functions” of the brain, some researchers suggest that other parts of the brain – those hitherto associated with “mere motor functions,” for example, have important cognitive functions too, lessening the importance of the CC as it were. Research is suggesting that impairment in some areas of the brain may be “compensated for” in other areas.

    However, the bottom line is that there are ~thankfully~ few modern humans who now seem to believe that other animals cannot feel pain and pleasure and other emotions, or deny that they have a subjective awareness relevant to their own kind of being. Other animals can suffer physically and psychologically and that is what the notion of animal rights is built on.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:00 PM

    I think we have found an issue which is going to separate those who want to exploit other animals and those who do not.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:22 PM

    Something rattling you tree, Mark?

    I know you feel the need to justify the eating of someone else tonight but the accusation of intellectual dishonesty is ridiculous. Using the ~second~ meaning of a phrase, what a crime! Is it not convention for people to specify their use of words? We often hear phrases such as, “as I conceive of it” and “in terms of how I have developed this notion,” etc, etc., especially in philosophical literature.

    No-one has hidden this use of the term “sentient.” Your accusation is silly.

    I appreciate that people routinely must otherise and “lessen” those they wish to exploit but come on now.

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    Mute Yuba Bill
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:28 PM

    Roger, speaking as a scientist specialisisng in electrical impulses and conduction within the body, we know quite a lot about brain function and the location of specific responses to stimuli is a matter of objective scientific record. Everything else is subjective.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:32 PM

    Good grief Roger, let’s leave the bedroom out of this, shall we?

    And no, it is intellectually dishonest. The intellectually honest word to use is animate, not sentient, as it actively avoids misunderstanding instead of passively accepting the benefit of that misunderstanding.

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    Mute Sandra Higgins
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 12:04 PM

    Mapping Brain Structure to Experience:

    Jarvis, E et al (2005) Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 6, 151-159
    Abstract
    We believe that names have a powerful influence on the experiments we do and the way in which we think. For this reason, and in the light of new evidence about the function and evolution of the vertebrate brain, an international consortium of neuroscientists has reconsidered the traditional, 100-year-old terminology that is used to describe the avian cerebrum. Our current understanding of the avian brain —in particular the neocortex-like cognitive functions of the avian pallium — requires a new terminology that better reflects these functions and the homologies between avian and mammalian brains.
    Merker, B (2007) Consciousness without a cerebral cortex: a challenge for neuroscience and medicine. Journal of Behaviour and Brain Sciences, Feb;30(1):63-81; discussion 81-134.
    Abstract
    A broad range of evidence regarding the functional organization of the vertebrate brain – spanning from comparative neurology to experimental psychology and neurophysiology to clinical data – is reviewed for its bearing on conceptions of the neural organization of consciousness. A novel principle relating target selection, action selection, and motivation to one another, as a means to optimize integration for action in real time, is introduced. With its help, the principal macrosystems of the vertebrate brain can be seen to form a centralized functional design in which an upper brain stem system organized for conscious function performs a penultimate step in action control. This upper brain stem system retained a key role throughout the evolutionary process by which an expanding forebrain – culminating in the cerebral cortex of mammals – came to serve as a medium for the elaboration of conscious contents. This highly conserved upper brainstem system, which extends from the roof of the midbrain to the basal diencephalon, integrates the massively parallel and distributed information capacity of the cerebral hemispheres into the limited-capacity, sequential mode of operation required for coherent behavior. It maintains special connective relations with cortical territories implicated in attentional and conscious functions, but is not rendered nonfunctional in the absence of cortical input. This helps explain the purposive, goal-directed behavior exhibited by mammals after experimental decortication, as well as the evidence that children born without a cortex are conscious. Taken together these circumstances suggest that brainstem mechanisms are integral to the constitution of the conscious state, and that an adequate account of neural mechanisms of conscious function cannot be confined to the thalamocortical complex alone.

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    Mute Yuba Bill
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 6:22 PM

    Sandra, Thank you for the 2 papers you quote, it is nice to see an appreciation for science.
    However, I do not see the relevance of the first. The second merely states that you can’t have higher brain function without a brain stem, which would seem to make sense and is confining itself to the human animal.

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    Mute Patrick McConnon
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    Feb 21st 2013, 7:39 PM

    Because Bronwyn in my opinion irs like comparing apples and oranges.
    There may be questions on whether shipping livestock thousands of miles is really a good idea but comparing that practice to pets? Any points you make about the practice is lessened by such outlandish trains of thought. We’ve had pets and holcaust victims what next. As far as your question goes I wouldn’t transport my pets thousands of miles to slaughter them. Id just take them to a local vet but that’s pets not farm livestock part of a modern farming practice…

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 1:50 PM

    Here is a link on Live Animal Transport from Compassion in World Farming:
    http://www.ciwf.org.uk/what_we_do/live_transport/main_concerns.aspx

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    Mute Gillian Weir Scully
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    Feb 19th 2013, 7:18 PM

    Great. They get the beef and we get the horse meat.

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    Mute John Doyle
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:26 PM

    I’m very sorry that journal tipped off anyone about the cunningly concealed herd of cows.

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    Mute pauric
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:59 PM

    There enough of cows in Ireland Dublin full of them lol

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:53 PM

    For any of you who love animals and have pets, have a look at this video –

    ALL animals are affectionate, they feel love, they grieve, and they feel pain and fear:

    http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=10150448877595222

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:40 PM

    And for those of you who hate animals, which is obviously everyone who disagrees with what Bronwyn says, well you’re all going to hell.

    So, you know, eat up. Lovely juicy kitten steaks all round and puppy’s eyeballs for dessert!

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    Mute FlopFlipU
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:21 PM

    Could Ryan air help out here ,do you think

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:57 PM

    No, they reserve cattle class for us humans!

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    Mute Berry
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:28 PM

    I won’t allow our cattle to be sent to a Halal factory. Shocking the way they are bled to death. In Ireland they are killed without pain and suffering.

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:31 PM

    There are Halal factorys in Ireland.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:04 PM

    I’m pretty sure that captive bolt guns aren’t exactly shock-free the first few times you see them used either y’know…

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 8:04 PM

    BTW, if bleeding animals is so shocking and horrible, why is black pudding so popular in Ireland?

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    Mute Deirdre Mac Mahon
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    Feb 19th 2013, 9:55 PM

    @ berry
    Fair play to you.
    I’m astounded that many other people don’t give a sh*t about the way the animals are killed

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 11:09 PM

    Oh, we do Deirdre. We just have different opinions than you when it comes to driving a flat-capped steel bolt into the skull of an animal that’s penned and has been for quite a while listening to the sounds of the abbatoir all around it.

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 3:04 PM

    Quote from Simon Coveney: “It’s no joke crossing the Bay of Biscay in January and the last thing I want is reports of cattle breaking legs on their journey.”

    The gruelling journey by sea takes TEN DAYS and ends with SLAUGHTER!

    Comparisons with the transportation of Jews to their deaths during Hitler’s Nazi Germany have been made – see: ‘Eternal Treblinka’ by Charles Patterson: http://www.amazon.com/Eternal-Treblinka-Treatment-Animals-Holocaust/dp/1930051999

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 3:14 PM

    Comparisons with the transportation of Jews to their deaths during Hitler’s Nazi Germany have been made

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    Mute Eamon O'Gorman
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    Feb 21st 2013, 3:38 PM

    Oh sweet mother!!! Nazis now is it :-) Keep up these kind of argmentes, cos you make yourself look completely looney!

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:21 PM

    Mark, on hearing that some make “the holocaust comparison,” you suggested you doubted that anyone who survived the holocaust would do that.

    You are mistaken. As you’ll see from this first quote, the Eternal Treblinka book title was inspired by it…

    “What do they know-all these scholars, all these philosophers, all the leaders of the world – about such as you? They have convinced themselves that man, the worst transgressor of all the species, is the crown of creation. All other creatures were created merely to provide him with food, pelts, to be tormented, exterminated. In relation to them, all people are Nazis; for the animals it is an eternal Treblinka.” Isaac Bashevis Singer, who escaped to the USA from Poland in 1935 due to the growth of Nazism in Germany.

    “Auschwitz begins wherever someone looks at a slaughterhouse and thinks: they’re only animals.” Theodor Adorno, Jewish neo-Marxist, exiled from Germany 1934.

    Finally, David Sztybel, who writes, “I am an indirect Holocaust survivor since my father’s immediate family barely escaped and most of his extended family are presumed murdered,” defends the holocaust comparison and has a web site called the Holocaust Comparison Project. http://davidsztybel.info/16.html

    I do not myself like the holocaust comparison because I do not think it compares like with like. The Nazis were trying to eradicate whole classes of human beings they regarded as other animals, or subhuman, whereas we artificially create other animals in order to exploit them – we are not attempting to wipe them out – we artificially inseminate them. Big Irish industry in this disgusting activity.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:27 PM

    Hi Roger,
    Those appear to be people who escaped the Holocaust, rather than surviving it.
    And on top of that, there is the legal side to this, as mentioned by other posters – it would be illegal in other countries to make that comparison publicly because (to put it in laymans terms) it was decided that some basic human decency was required for public discourse.

    It’s this kind of offensive tactic that puts people off from listening to your views and leaves you branded an extremist. Which, in the long run, means you do no good to your cause and if anything, harm it.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:32 PM

    Mark, I see you totally ignored the part where I said that I personally do not like the holocaust comparison.

    They escaped rather than survived!!! Only a couple of hours ago you were complaining about different uses of a word – and now you are playing with them.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:43 PM

    Hi Roger,
    Is it playing to use the right word for the right thing?
    You want to quote people who were on those trains in support of the comparison between live animal shipments and the trains used for the Holocaust, but you’re quoting people who were on the wrong continent while those trains were running. They *escaped* from the Holocaust, they did not survive it.

    Mind you, I can’t see why you’d want to defend the comparison at all, even you say you dislike it.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 21st 2013, 8:18 PM

    I’m not defending the comparison, Mark, just pointing out that some people who “escaped” the Holocaust are prepared to use it, something you doubted.

    Since you think the distinction between “escaped” and “survived” is important (as if having family members killed by the Nazis is not enough – another apparent lack of empathy), there are at least three very prominent animal advocates who SURVIVED the Holocaust.

    The first is Alex Hershaft, who as a child was placed in a ghetto by the Nazis. This father was killed by the Nazis and he was separated from his mother (reunited with her onlt after the war). He escaped from the Warsaw Ghetto and hid and survived in rural Poland. He now runs an animal rights group in the USA.

    The second is a person known as “Hacker,” who took part in one of the most famous ALF raids of all time (led to this video – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1nK5aAE99o). He has a Nazi tattoo on his arm (is that “surviving” enough for you?)

    The third is Marc Berkowitz who watched his mother and one sister taken to a gas chamber, then he was selected with his twin sister by Josef Mengele for experimentation (spine surgery). Now totally opposed to vivisection – a “survivor” I think you’d agree.

    Let’s not try to be clever with words, Mark. Charles Patterson (author Eternal Treblinka) cites several other animal advocates who were merely “holocaust-related,” a category not good enough for you I’m sure.

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    Mute Julie Anne Carleton
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    Feb 21st 2013, 7:51 PM

    wow so many comments i would love if the journalist did another article on this story i think my issue would be how can we guarentee the most ethilic care for these animals. remember the reasons why people here do not want greyhounds or horses to go to China is that we cannot guarentee what happens to them .i feel sad that people are labelling and tarring animal rights people here. i work with rescue horses and dogs in rescues i do a lot of hands on work and a lot of other work for animals. its sad that people get so busy attacking each other aving their right that the animals don t matter anymore.i wish people would keep their comments polite and respectfull. i love animals and would not like to see any animal suffer.i think this subject neds to be looked into more.

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 8:38 PM

    Absolutely agree Julie Anne!

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:47 PM

    In reply to Patrick’s comment:
    You did not actually answer my question:
    “Would you put the cat or dog through a 10-day sea voyage, ending with the animal’s slaughter”
    Yes or No?

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    Mute Patrick McConnon
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    Feb 21st 2013, 6:32 PM

    How is a herd of livestick akin to a pet and perhaps more alarming animals to be used as food? I will happily answer a question that is appropriate to the subject in hand. To clarify, comparing these cows to pets and (worse) holocaust victims is not appropriate.

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 7:10 PM

    Why is it not appropriate Patrick?

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:00 PM

    Question to Eamon and Mark: Do you or did you ever have pet dogs or cats? Did you love your dog/cat? Would you want to put your pet through the agony of a gruelling and frightening sea journey, only to end up with the animal being slaughtered? All animals are the SAME – they feel pain and fear, just like us.

    Meat is OPTIONAL, not necessary, in the human diet:…. FACT!

    Read T. Colin Campell’s book ‘The China Study’: http://www.amazon.com/China-Study-Comprehensive-Nutrition-Implications/dp/1932100385
    or watch the movie ‘Forks over Knives’: http://www.forksoverknives.com/

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    Mute Patrick McConnon
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    Feb 21st 2013, 4:27 PM

    I have pets. I love them. We agree up to that point.
    Transporting cattle to slaughter same as the Holocaust? That’s sick and I suspect a view that, thankfully, is only a view shared by a very small number of people. For shame!

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:36 PM

    Yes, I have had pets for many years. I wouldn’t slaughter them because (a) they’re not food animals and shouldn’t enter the food chain as the appropriate inspections and paperwork were not done (because they weren’t intended for the food chaing); and (b) cats taste bad.

    And yes, meat is in fact optional in the human diet. Today. If you’re wealthy enough to be able to afford the wide range of plant proteins you need to maintain basic nutrition. But it’s not simple, it’s not as cheap as is touted and it requires more education on nutrition than the vast majority of the population possess or have the opportunity to learn.

    And if you think pain is a prerequisite to being “like us”, then what do you make of congenital analgesia? Do we treat those humans as nonhumans?

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    Mute Eamon O'Gorman
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:51 PM

    I have 2 dogs at the moment, a 10 yr old, and a 6 month old, both springers, and loved and cared for. I feed them well too you know… guess what I feed them ?

    Do you think perhaps I should make them vegetarian ?

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    Mute Bronwyn Slater
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    Feb 21st 2013, 7:16 PM

    To reply to Eamon,
    It isn’t about whether we should make our cats or dogs vegetarian – it is about the fact that, since meat is not necessary in our diet and we can have very healthy (and often far healthier) lives without meat, then we do not need to kill animals and we should not be doing it.

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    Mute John Burke
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    Feb 21st 2013, 7:17 PM

    Well we all know how much dogs like salad

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    Mute Neville Sayers
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:31 PM

    1@ James Roberts ….Muslim Halal slaughtering is fobidden in this country…slitting the animals throat without rendering unconscuous is illegal … since much for animal welfare ….

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:41 PM

    They do Halal in Ireland.

    Here, look at Dunleavy Meats:
    http://www.dunleavymeats.com/
    “Halal Slaughter”

    Why do you think all the muslims are in Ballyhaunis? They work at teh Halal meat processing plant…

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    Mute Mjhint
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    Feb 19th 2013, 7:29 PM

    Neville go to the meat factories & educate yourself. There has been halal factories here since the 70s.

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    Mute Balaftuna Balfintun
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 9:17 PM

    Actually I am a Jew and think that in comparisson to what we do to animals, Hitler was an amateur.
    Check http://veg-tv.info/Earthlings if you want to have a clue.
    Chances are though that most of you will continue to live in denial , get furious when someone kicks a dog, but couldn’t care less when other species are tortured since the moment they are born.

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    Mute mogwa
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    Feb 19th 2013, 3:52 PM

    All the cattle had to be taken off….

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    Mute Joe Duggan
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:43 PM

    Every bit of land we had was covered

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 24th 2013, 10:06 PM

    Posted on the Alliance for Animal Rights (AFAR) Facebook page in the last hour or so…

    “The almost 3000 animals Irish farmers callously dumped on this death ship which left Waterford on the 19th February still have FOUR more days of being confined on their journey to Libyan slaughterhouses.

    “For the farmers they are just a memory – and profit – for us, this is a disgrace and shame on the island of Ireland.”

    http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/default.aspx?mmsi=372273000&centerx=-1.881828&centery=36.29811&zoom=10&type_color=7

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    Mute Mickey Mouse
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    Feb 19th 2013, 8:54 PM

    Gourmet burger chain of restaurants in Ireland use only meet from animals killed using the Halal method,(Barbaric method in my opinion). Asked a manager in the Swords restaurant why they stocked only Halal meet, and was told that because the main customers of their Dublin city centre restaurants, (who are primarily muslim), insisted on only Halal meet being served, and the company complied. I think that the majority of Irish customers,( the non Muslim type:-) aren’t even aware of what Halal means, even though it is highlighted on the menu.

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    Mute Mark Dennehy
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    Feb 19th 2013, 11:10 PM

    And I’ll bet you that most people don’t know the difference between Dhabihah and Halal either…

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    Mute Barry McSweeney
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:51 PM

    James Roberts, who put the horse in the burgers? Hardly a day goes by but another Irish or Irish-owned firm is implicated.
    Rememeb the pork contamination of 2008? Still waiting for a clear and lucid explanation of what happened. And food outlets were assuring customers that their pigment was NOT Irish.

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    Mute James Roberts
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    Feb 19th 2013, 4:58 PM

    Who put the horse in the burgers? Someone out to make a fast buck.

    And you’re saying that because the e Department of Agriculture found horse in burgers, you’re not going to trust the e Department of Agriculture? Huh?

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    Mute Barry McSweeney
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:06 PM

    Hardly some ONE when so many plants in so many counties are affected.
    And the Department of Agriculture did not identify the problem, it was the FSAI, a Department of Health agency.

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    Mute Jack Bowden
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:07 PM

    Why are they exporting live animals? Can’t we make/create Halal meat here and export that? We can export bulls sperm if that’s why they want alive animals. Maybe it’s hard to export sperm. I dunno.

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    Mute Sarah Donnelly
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    Feb 19th 2013, 6:27 PM

    We export huge amounts of live cattle to Italy every year. They prefer to finish the animals there to give the meat their own touch. Not all countries like the flavour of our grass fed animals. We can pride ourselves in breeding really good animals to high standards that they are in demand elsewhere.

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    Mute Eamon O'Gorman
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    Feb 21st 2013, 5:54 PM

    I would think exporting sperm is easy enough….sure any bollix can do that!!

    Sorry, couldnt resist :-)

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    Mute Neville Sayers
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    Feb 19th 2013, 5:55 PM

    James…read the animal welfare regulations …abduction mtg avovw post

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    Mute Sandra Higgins
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    Feb 22nd 2013, 12:12 PM

    What is or is not a food animal pertains only to the culture in which they are exploited. The dogs and cats whom we regard as objects of affection are food animals in other cultures. The recent furore over horsemeat should explain that one succinctly enough.

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    Mute Roger Yates
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    Feb 28th 2013, 4:35 PM
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    Mute Denise V Friend
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    Mar 12th 2013, 11:50 PM

    The ignorance of some people is overwhelming.

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